3 way ball valve union ball valve male female nickel plated 1 2 3 4 1 inch plumbing hvac water installation
| Valve type | Typical connection | Main advantage | Typical size range |
|---|
| 3‑way ball valve (female thread) | F × F × F threaded | Easy integration between three fixed pipes | ½″, ¾″, 1″ |
| 3‑way ball valve (nickel plated) | F × F × F nickel‑plated brass | Better corrosion resistance and clean appearance | ½″, ¾″ |
| Ball valve male × male | M × M threaded | Direct connection into fittings or manifolds | ½″, ¾″, 1″ |
| Ball valve female × male | F × M threaded | Ideal between fixed pipe and flexible hose or fitting | ½″, ¾″, 1″ |
| 3‑way ball valve mixed thread | Combination F/M ports | Flexible retrofit when threads differ between branches | ½″, ¾″, 1″ |
| Union ball valve double union | F unions with captive nuts | Valve can be removed without cutting pipe | ½″, ¾″, 1″ |
| Function | One 3‑way valve | Two 2‑way valves |
|---|
| Space required | Compact body, single handle | Double space, two handles |
| Control | Single synchronized movement | Independent operation, risk of wrong sequence |
| Leakage paths | One stem, three ports | Two stems, four ports |
| Typical cost | Higher unit price, lower labor | Lower unit price, higher labor |
| Feature | Plain brass body | Nickel‑plated brass body |
|---|
| Corrosion resistance (outer surface) | Good in dry rooms; sensitive to aggressive atmospheres | Better in humid and mildly aggressive environments |
| Drinking‑water suitability | Depends on alloy and certification | Often designed to meet EN 13828 and drinking‑water standards |
| Visual aspect | Yellow metallic finish | Silver‑grey clean finish |
| Cost | Generally lower | Slightly higher due to plating step |
| Parameter | Typical value range |
|---|
| Nominal pressure PN | 25–40 bar, non‑shock cold working |
| Temperature range | 0–120 °C for water, up to 150 °C on some models |
| Port type | Standard or full port according to DIN 3357 |
| Thread standard | ISO 228‑1 BSPP female and male ends |
| Handle | Steel lever or butterfly with anti‑corrosion coating |
| Criterion | Double‑union ball valve | Fixed threaded ball valve |
|---|
| Removal for service | Loosen union nuts; no pipe cutting | Usually requires cutting or full disassembly |
| Seal type | O‑rings in union ends | Thread sealant or PTFE tape |
| Ideal applications | Filters, meters, dosing equipment, pumps | Simple shut‑off on terminal points |
| Initial investment | Higher hardware cost | Lower hardware cost |
| Nominal size | Typical Cv (full open) |
|---|
| ½″ (DN 15) | ≈ 14 |
| ¾″ (DN 20) | ≈ 29 |
| 1″ (DN 25) | ≈ 47 |
| Feature | Ball valve | Gate valve | Globe/stop valve |
|---|
| Operation | Quarter turn | Multi‑turn | Multi‑turn |
| Flow restriction | Very low (full port) | Low to medium | Medium to high |
| Typical use in ½″–1″ lines | Shut‑off, diversion, bypass | Older installations, fire mains | Throttling or balancing |
| Maintenance | Low, simple seats | Prone to stem corrosion | Higher, more parts |
Maneurop MTZ160HW4VE 13 hp reciprocating compressor R404A R507A R134a R407C 20.3 kW medium temperature cold room applications
| Parameter | Value | Notes |
|---|
| Compressor family | Maneurop MTZ160‑4VI | Medium‑temperature line. |
| Technology | Hermetic reciprocating | Piston design. |
| Nominal cooling capacity (50 Hz) | 20.3 kW | At R404A MBP rating. |
| Motor power supply | 380‑415 V 3~ 50 Hz, 460 V 3~ 60 Hz | Wide voltage range 340–440 V @ 50 Hz. |
| Motor protection | Internal overload protector | Thermally protected windings. |
| Max. operating current | Around 36 A at 460 V 60 Hz | Label LR (locked‑rotor) approx. 140 A. |
| Max. condensing temperature | 50 °C | According to series guideline. |
| Minimum suction gas temp. | −35 °C | LP slide TS min. |
| PS design pressure | 22.6 bar | PED data. |
| Oil type | Danfoss POE 160PZ | Factory charge of polyester oil. |
| Compatible refrigerants | R134a, R404A, R407C, R507A and new blends like R448A/R449A/R452A | Multi‑refrigerant platform. |
| Model | Technology | Refrigerants | Nominal capacity at 50 Hz | Typical application |
|---|
| MTZ80‑4VI | Hermetic reciprocating | R404A/R507A/R407C/R134a | ≈10 kW at MBP. | Small cold rooms, display cases. |
| MTZ160HW4VE (MTZ160‑4VI) | Hermetic reciprocating | R404A/R507A/R407C/R134a | 20.3 kW at MBP. | Large cold rooms, process cooling. |
| Copeland ZR81KCE | Hermetic scroll | R404A/R407C etc. | ≈18–19 kW at AHR MBP conditions. | Packaged condensing units, rooftop units. |
| Model | Evaporating range | Condensing limit | Refrigerant flexibility |
|---|
| MTZ160HW4VE | Medium‑temp, down to about −25 °C with R404A. | Up to 50 °C condensing. | R404A, R507A, R407C, R134a, R407A/F, R448A, R449A, R452A. |
| Copeland ZR scroll | Medium‑temp, usually not as deep at low evaporating. | Similar condensing limits depending model. | Some models have narrower approved refrigerant lists. |
Copeland KCE444HAG Compressor, 3/8 Hp, R134a, 230V 50Hz – Technical Specs and Water Cooler Applications
| Parameter | Value | Notes |
|---|
| Refrigerant | R134a | HFC, medium‑pressure. |
| Nominal horsepower | 0.36 HP (≈3/8 HP) | Depending on rating condition HBP/CBP. |
| Cooling capacity | 1077 W (HBP), 551 W (CBP) | At specified EN12900 conditions. |
| Power input | 475 W (HBP), 339 W (CBP) | Single‑phase operation. |
| Voltage / frequency | 230 V, 50 Hz, 1‑phase | Typical for water coolers 40–80 L. |
| Motor type | 2‑pole single‑phase induction | Internally thermally protected. |
| Application group | High / Medium temperature (HBP / CBP) | Not suitable for low‑temperature freezing. |
| Compressor cooling | Fan, about 350 ft³/min | Forced air cooling around shell. |
| Oil type / volume | POE, approx. 0.31 L | Pre‑charged from factory. |
| Approx. internal free volume | 2400 cm³ (81.1 oz) | Without oil. |
| Model | Refrigerant | Nominal HP | Cooling capacity (approx.) | Input power | Typical use |
|---|
| KCE444HAG | R134a | 0.36 HP | 1077 W (HBP), 551 W (CBP) | 475 W (HBP) | Commercial water/bottle coolers. |
| EGL90AA (GL90AA) | R134a | 0.25 HP | 227 W (LBP) | – | Domestic refrigerators, small LBP cabinets. |
| Model | Application group | Evaporating temperature range |
|---|
| KCE444HAG | HBP / CBP | −17.8°C to +12.8°C. |
| EGL90AA | LBP | Around −35°C to −6.7°C in typical LBP charts. |
LG BMG110NHMV inverter compressor R600a 1/4 hp 220‑240V 50/60Hz LBP performance table and comparison with BMG110NAMV and fixed‑speed R600a models
| Parameter | BMG110NHMV value |
|---|
| Manufacturer | LG Electronics / LG Compressor & Motor |
| Series | BMG inverter R600a |
| Model | BMG110NHMV |
| Refrigerant | R600a (isobutane) |
| Motor type | BLDC inverter, variable speed |
| Supply | 220–240 V, 50/60 Hz (inverter‑driven, 60–225 Hz) |
| Application | LBP domestic refrigerator / freezer |
| Speed range | 1200–4500 rpm |
| Test condition | Evap −23.3 °C / Cond 54.4 °C / ambient 32 °C |
| Nominal capacity at 4500 rpm | ≈ 262 W (894 Btu/h) |
| Input power at 4500 rpm | ≈ 146 W |
| COP at 4500 rpm | ≈ 1.79 W/W (≈ 6.11 Btu/W·h) |
| Speed (rpm) | Capacity (kcal/h) | Capacity (W) | Capacity (Btu/h) | Power (W) | COP (W/W) | EER (Btu/W·h) |
|---|
| 4500 | 225 | 262 | 894 | 146 | 1.79 | 6.11 |
| 3000 | 172 | 200 | 683 | 108 | 1.85 | 6.32 |
| 1800 | 108 | 125 | 427 | 72 | 1.75 | 5.97 |
| 1500 | 88 | 102 | 349 | 59 | 1.74 | 5.95 |
| 1200 | 70 | 82 | 279 | 48 | 1.72 | 5.87 |
| Model | Series | Nominal hp class | Capacity at 4500 rpm (W) | Power (W) | COP (W/W) | Typical cabinet volume* |
|---|
| BMG089NAMV | BMG | ≈ 3/16 hp | 217 W | 119 W | 1.83 | 200–260 L refrigerators |
| BMG089NHMV | BMG | ≈ 3/16 hp | 217 W | 126 W | 1.72 | high‑efficiency 200–260 L |
| BMG110NAMV | BMG | 1/4 hp class | 262 W | 144 W | 1.82 | 280–350 L fridges/freezers |
| BMG110NHMV | BMG | 1/4 hp class | 262 W | 146 W | 1.79 | 280–350 L refrigerators / freezers |
| Feature | BMG110NHMV (inverter) | Typical 1/4 hp fixed‑speed R600a compressor |
|---|
| Speed control | 1200–4500 rpm via BLDC inverter | Single speed (≈ 3000 rpm) |
| Nominal capacity | ≈ 262 W at −23.3 °C | ≈ 250–270 W at similar point |
| Input power | 146 W at full speed, 48–108 W at reduced speed | ≈ 180–200 W constant |
| COP / EER | Up to ≈ 1.85 W/W (6.3 Btu/W·h) | Typically 1.5–1.6 W/W (5.1–5.5 Btu/W·h) |
| Temperature control | Smooth, low‑noise modulation | On/off cycling, higher noise and temperature swing |
| Energy label impact | Enables A+/A++ energy classes in many markets | Usually lower efficiency class |
GMCC PE90HME‑4 R134a refrigerator compressor 220‑240V 50/60Hz 265–295 W LBP RSCR motor comparison with PE65H1H‑9 and PE90H1F‑9 models
| Item | Value / description |
|---|
| Brand | GMCC – Anhui Meizhi Compressor Co., Ltd. |
| Model | PE90HME‑4 |
| Refrigerant | R134a, low‑back‑pressure (LBP) range |
| Voltage / frequency | 220–240 V, 50/60 Hz, single‑phase (1Ph) |
| Motor type | RSCR (resistance start, capacitor run) |
| Displacement | ≈ 9.0 cm³ |
| Cooling capacity | 265–295 W at LBP conditions (−23.3 °C evap, 32.2 °C amb.) |
| Input power | ≈ 1.52–1.55 A rated current at 220–240 V |
| Application | Static‑cooling domestic and small commercial refrigerators, freezers and coolers |
| Protection | Internal thermal protector, RoHS environmental compliance |
| Parameter | Typical PE90HME‑4 values |
|---|
| Evaporating temperature range | −35 °C to −10 °C (LBP) |
| Nominal rating point | −23.3 °C evap / 32.2 °C ambient / 55 °C condensing |
| Voltage range | 187–254 V (50 Hz) |
| Ambient temperature range | 0–43 °C |
| Max condensing temperature | 60–70 °C |
| Max discharge gas temperature | 130 °C |
| Max winding temperature | 130 °C (internal) |
| Max pump‑down pressure | ≈ 1.82 MPa |
| Model | Displacement (cm³) | Cooling capacity at 50 Hz (W)* | HP class | Rated current (A) | Application |
|---|
| PE65H1H‑9 | 6.5 | 190–195 W | 1/4 hp | ≈ 1.47–1.55 | LBP domestic refrigerators |
| PE90HME‑4 | 9.0 | 265–295 W | 1/3 hp class | ≈ 1.52–1.55 | LBP refrigerators / freezers |
| PE90H1F‑9 | 9.0 | 275–280 W | 1/3 hp+ | ≈ 1.50 | LBP with wide‑voltage range |
| PE120HMH★ | 12.0 | 320 W | 3/8–1/2 hp | ≈ 1.45 | L/MBP commercial coolers |
| Checkpoint | Why it matters |
|---|
| Refrigerant | Must be R134a; conversion from R12 or R600a requires full system redesign. |
| Evaporating temperature | Ensure design conditions fall inside −35 to −10 °C LBP range. |
| Condenser and capillary sizing | Match to 265–295 W capacity to avoid flood‑back or high‑head faults. |
| Voltage stability | Mains should remain within 187–254 V; more unstable grids may justify wide‑voltage models like PE90H1F‑9. |
| Start components | RSCR start kit (PTC + capacitor) must match GMCC’s specified values to guarantee torque and reliability. |
compressor windings CSR pin configuration common start run terminals, PTC relay overload wiring and multimeter resistance testing guide
| Measurement pair | Identification rule | Typical range* |
|---|
| C–R | Run winding (lowest resistance) | About 1–5 Ω on small fractional‑HP units. |
| C–S | Start winding (medium resistance) | Usually 3–11 Ω, often 3–5 times C–R. |
| S–R | Start + run (highest resistance) | Equals C–S + C–R by ohm’s law. |
| Motor type | Components | Typical use case | Starting torque |
|---|
| RSIR (Resistance Start Induction Run) | Start relay + start winding, no capacitor | Small domestic refrigerators, low starting torque. | Low |
| PSC (Permanent Split Capacitor) | Run capacitor in series with start winding | Smooth, efficient operation, good for low starting load. | Low–medium |
| CSIR (Capacitor Start Induction Run) | Start capacitor + relay, start winding only during start | Higher torque for larger compressors up to ≈ 3/4 HP. | High |
| CSR (Capacitor Start Capacitor Run) | Start capacitor + run capacitor + potential or current relay | Very high starting torque for hard‑start conditions. | Very high |
| Step | Connection | Function |
|---|
| 1 | Line (L) feeds the overload protector, which then connects to C | Overload opens on excessive current or shell temperature. |
| 2 | Solid‑state relay/PTC connects between C and S with start capacitor in series if CSIR/CSR | Provides high initial current to start winding, then increases resistance and drops out. |
| 3 | Line (L) also connects directly to R through the control circuit (thermostat, contactor) | Supplies continuous voltage to run winding during operation. |
| 4 | Run capacitor connects between S and R in PSC and CSR systems | Improves running efficiency and torque. |
Danfoss FR10B 103U2954 hermetic compressor 220–240V 50/60Hz LBP freezer application data and replacement guidance
| Field on label | Meaning | Technical notes |
|---|
| FR10B | Danfoss FR‑series hermetic reciprocating compressor, size “10B” | Part of light commercial range for small refrigeration units. |
| 103U2954 | Complete compressor code number | Identifies factory configuration, oil charge and terminal box. |
| 220–240 V ~ 60 Hz / 50 Hz | Dual‑frequency single‑phase motor | Designed for 220–240 V at either 50 or 60 Hz mains. |
| LBP / LBP‑HBP | Low‑back‑pressure and some high‑back‑pressure use | Suited to freezers (LBP) and certain refrigerator duties (HBP) depending on model variant. |
| LST / HST motor | Low / high starting torque versions | CSIR or RSIR motor concepts, depending on accessory set and application. |
| Made in Slovenia | Manufacturing plant | Danfoss/SECOP European production facility. |
| Parameter | Typical value / range | Source indication |
|---|
| Refrigerant | R12 on legacy 103U2954 versions; R134a on FR10G successors | |
| Application | LBP (freezers −30 °C to −10 °C evap); some HBP/MBP possible | |
| Displacement | ≈ 9.05 cm³ | FR10G catalog data. |
| Voltage range | 187–254 V at 50 Hz for LBP | |
| Max ambient temperature | 43 °C | |
| Max condensing temperature | 60–70 °C continuous/short | |
| Motor type | RSIR/CSIR single‑phase | |
| Oil type / charge | Polyolester or mineral, ≈ 450 cm³ depending on refrigerant | |
| Max refrigerant charge | ≈ 900 g | |
| Weight | Around 10–11 kg | |
| Condition | Capacity (approx.) | Power input | Notes |
|---|
| Evap −25 °C, cond 55 °C, 220 V / 50 Hz | ~130–150 W refrigerating | ~200–230 W | FR10G LBP data as reference for FR10B. |
| Evap −15 °C, cond 55 °C | Higher capacity around 200 W | Increased input and COP | Suited for high‑efficiency bottle coolers. |
| Advantage | Description |
|---|
| Proven reliability | Long‑running Danfoss/SECOP FR platform with global service support. |
| Wide voltage tolerance | Operates from 187–254 V, useful in markets with unstable mains. |
| Flexible application | LBP primary, with variants for HBP duties using alternative starting devices. |
| Compact footprint | Fits tight condensing unit housings and under‑counter cabinets. |
Fresh SFW13C1P-B Split Air Conditioner – Nameplate Data, Error 11.1 Meaning and Pro Troubleshooting
| Parameter | Typical value / range | Notes |
|---|
| Series / model | SFW13C / SFW13C1P-B | Smart digital wall‑mounted split. |
| Type | Split air conditioner, indoor unit | Wall hi‑wall design. |
| Nominal horsepower | 1.5 HP | Residential/light‑commercial class. |
| Cooling capacity | ≈ 12,000 BTU/h | Catalog values for 1.5 HP Fresh SFW13C. |
| Function | Cooling only | No heat pump on this variant. |
| Refrigerant | R22 | On older SFW13C inverter range. |
| Voltage | 220–240 V | Single‑phase supply. |
| Frequency | 50 Hz | MEA / Africa grid standard. |
| Moisture protection | IP24 (indoor casing) | Splash‑resistant enclosure category on label. |
| Sound pressure level | ≈ 39 dB(A) indoor | Quiet residential operation. |
| Item | Typical value | Practical implication |
|---|
| Rated current (cooling) | ≈ 6–7 A | Used to check running load. |
| Maximum current | ≈ 25 A | Used for MCB / fuse rating margin. |
| Rated input power | ≈ 1,560 W | Helps estimate energy consumption. |
| Isolation / protection | 25 A marking, IP24 | Indoor unit protection coordination. |
| Possible cause | Description | Reference behavior |
|---|
| Loose or oxidized interconnecting terminals | Poor contact on indoor–outdoor signal cable can interrupt data communication. | |
| Wrong wiring sequence | Reversed communication cores (e.g., terminals 2–3 swapped) lead to serial transfer errors. | |
| Damaged communication cable | Mechanical damage or moisture ingress causes intermittent signal loss. | |
| PCB failure | Indoor or outdoor main board cannot generate or read serial signal. | |
| External electrical noise | Strong interference, bad earthing or voltage dips disturb the serial bus. | |
AMS1117 voltage regulator pinout input output ground fixed versions 1.5V 1.8V 2.5V 2.85V 3.3V 5V applications
| AMS1117 version | Nominal output | Typical application example |
|---|
| AMS1117‑1.5 | 1.5 V | Low‑voltage ASICs, reference rails |
| AMS1117‑1.8 | 1.8 V | ARM cores, SDRAM, logic ICs |
| AMS1117‑2.5 | 2.5 V | Older logic families, ADC/DAC rails |
| AMS1117‑2.85 | 2.85 V | Mobile RF, modem chipsets |
| AMS1117‑3.3 | 3.3 V | MCUs, sensors, 3.3 V logic from 5 V sources |
| AMS1117‑5.0 | 5.0 V | Regulating from 7–12 V to 5 V logic or USB lines |
Discover the technical specifications, electrical data and installation guidelines for the Trane 24,000 BTU middle static pressure duct type air conditioner using R410A, ideal for residential and light commercial ducted systems.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|
| Indoor unit model | 4MXTE24ASB000AB |
| Outdoor unit model | 4TXKE24ASB0000A |
| Cooling capacity | 24,000 BTU/h |
| Heating capacity | 26,000 BTU/h |
| Refrigerant type / charge | R410A / 1950 g |
| Power supply | 220–240 V, 50 Hz, 1‑phase |
| Rated current | 14.0 A |
| Rated input power | 2950 W |
| Maximum allowable pressure | 4.2 MPa |
| Typical discharge / suction press. | 4.2 MPa / 1.5 MPa |
| Outdoor unit protection class | IP24 |
