SECOP SC21G COMPRESSOR: COMPLETE TECHNICAL GUIDE FOR R134A COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION & FREEZING

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Secop SC21G Horsepower Rating

The Secop SC21G hermetic compressor is rated at 5/8 HP (approximately 0.625 horsepower) by manufacturers and distributors. This rating corresponds to its 550W motor size and performance in R134a commercial refrigeration applications across LBP, MBP, and HBP modes.​

Detailed HP Breakdown

• Nominal Motor Power: 550 watts, equivalent to ~0.74 metric HP, but refrigeration HP uses ASHRAE standards based on cooling capacity at specific conditions (typically -23.3°C evaporating temp).
• Industry Standard Rating: Consistently listed as 5/8 HP (0.625 HP) across Secop datasheets and suppliers, reflecting real-world output of 350-800W cooling depending on temperature.​
• Comparison Context: Larger than 1/5 HP (0.2 HP) entry-level units like SC10G; suitable for medium-duty freezers and coolers up to 20.95 cm³ displacement.​

Why HP Matters for SC21G

In refrigeration engineering, HP measures effective cooling delivery, not just electrical input. At 1.3A/150-283W power draw (50Hz), the SC21G delivers reliable performance for commercial cabinets without overload risk.​

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Secop SC21G R134a Compressor: Complete 220V Specifications Guide

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Secop SC21G hermetic compressor specifications, R134a refrigerant, 220-240V/50Hz, 1.3A, LBP/MBP applications. Complete technical guide for commercial cooling systems.

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Secop SC21G is a high-performance hermetic reciprocating compressor designed for commercial refrigeration and freezing applications using R134a refrigerant. This guide covers detailed specifications, technical parameters, and installation requirements for 220-240V/50Hz systems at up to 1.3 amperes.

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ARTICLE CONTENT:

Introduction: Understanding the Secop SC21G Hermetic Compressor

The Secop SC21G represents a cornerstone solution in modern commercial refrigeration systems. As a hermetic reciprocating compressor, it operates seamlessly in low-back-pressure (LBP), medium-back-pressure (MBP), and high-back-pressure (HBP) applications. This versatility makes it an essential component for food retail cabinets, commercial freezers, and specialized cooling equipment across the globe.

Manufactured by Secop (formerly Danfoss), this compressor utilizes R134a refrigerant technology—a reliable, environmentally-conscious choice that has dominated commercial refrigeration for over three decades. Whether you’re maintaining existing systems or designing new refrigeration solutions, understanding the SC21G’s specifications ensures optimal performance, energy efficiency, and system longevity.

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Section 1: Complete Technical Specifications of Secop SC21G

1.1 Model Identification & Designation

Specification	Value	Details
Model Number	SC21G	Universal designation for 220-240V models
Code Number	104G8140 / 104G8145	Variant coding for different pressure ratings
Compressor Type	Hermetic Reciprocating	Single-cylinder piston design
Refrigerant	R134a	Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) – non-ozone-depleting
Displacement	20.95 cm³ / 1.28 cu.in	Piston sweep volume per revolution
Oil Type	Polyolester (POE)	Synthetic lubricant for R134a compatibility
Oil Charge Capacity	550 cm³ / 18.6 fl.oz	Standard factory charge
Motor Type	CSCR / CSR	Capacitor-Start Capacitor-Run design
Housing Design	Welded Steel Shell	Robust construction with epoxy coating

1.2 Electrical Specifications

Parameter	220V/50Hz	240V/60Hz (Optional)	Unit
Voltage Range	187-254	198-254	Volts AC
Rated Current	1.3	1.25	Amperes
Power Input	150	160	Watts
Starting Current (LRA)	21.8	22.0	Amperes (Peak)
Frequency	50	60	Hz
Phase	Single-Phase (1Ph)	Single-Phase (1Ph)	Configuration
Starting Torque	HST (High Starting Torque)	HST	Classification
Approvals	VDE, CCC, EN 60335-2-34	International Safety Standards	Certifications

1.3 Dimensional Data

Measurement	Dimension (mm)	Dimension (inches)	Description
Height (A)	219	8.62	Total compressor height
Reduced Height (B)	213	8.39	Mounting flange height
Shell Length (C)	218	8.58	Cylindrical shell length
Length with Cover (D)	255	10.04	Maximum depth (mounting consideration)
Suction Connection	6.20 mm I.D.	0.244 inches	Inlet port diameter
Discharge Connection	6.20 mm I.D.	0.244 inches	Outlet port diameter
Estimated Weight	13.5-14.0	29.8-30.9	Kilograms / Pounds

1.4 Refrigeration Performance at Standard Conditions

The SC21G’s cooling capacity varies significantly based on evaporating temperature (cabinet temperature) and condensing temperature (ambient air temperature). Here are performance metrics at 55°C condensing temperature (131°F):

Operating Mode	Evaporating Temp	Cooling Capacity	Power Input	COP	Application Example
LBP (Low-Back-Pressure)	-25°C (-13°F)	333 W	198 W	1.68	Deep freezing, ice cream
LBP Standard	-23.3°C (-9.9°F)	364 W	216 W	1.69	Frozen food storage
MBP (Medium-Back-Pressure)	-6.7°C (19.9°F)	476 W	283 W	1.68	Normal refrigeration
HBP (High-Back-Pressure)	+7.2°C (45°F)	671 W	400 W	1.68	Chilled water, mild cooling

COP (Coefficient of Performance) measures efficiency: higher values indicate greater energy savings per watt consumed.

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Section 2: Secop SC21G vs. Competing Compressor Solutions

2.1 Secop SC21G vs. Danfoss TL2 Series

Feature	Secop SC21G	Danfoss TL2 (Alternative)	Winner / Note
Displacement	20.95 cm³	10.5-15.0 cm³	SC21G larger capacity
Cooling Capacity @ -6.7°C	476 W	250-320 W	SC21G: 50-90% more output
Horsepower Equivalent	0.5-0.6 HP	0.25-0.33 HP	SC21G handles bigger systems
Refrigerant	R134a	R134a / R600a	Both compatible with R134a
Voltage Support	220-240V single-phase	110V-240V options	TL2 more versatile for low-voltage
Cost-Effectiveness	Mid-range	Lower cost	TL2 cheaper; SC21G better ROI for larger systems
Noise Level	Low (proven field data)	Moderate	SC21G quieter operation

2.2 Secop SC21G vs. Embraco/Aspera Compressors

Criterion	SC21G (Secop)	Embraco UE Series	Analysis
Global Market Share	Leading European brand	Strong Asian presence	Secop dominant in EU/Africa markets
Reliability Rating	99.2% MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures)	98.7% MTBF	Marginal difference; both professional-grade
Service Network	Extensive parts availability	Growing but limited	Secop has superior spare parts infrastructure
Startup Smoothness	High Starting Torque (HST)	Standard torque	SC21G superior for challenging starts
Integration with Controls	Thermostat, defrost, safety relays	Basic thermostat support	Secop offers advanced control flexibility

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Section 3: Operating Temperature Ranges & Application Mapping

3.1 Temperature Classifications

The Secop SC21G handles distinct temperature operating ranges:

Temperature Class	Evaporating Range	Use Case	Product Examples
Freezing (Deep)	-30°C to -25°C (-22°F to -13°F)	Ice cream cabinets, blast freezers	Frozen meals, ice cream, gelato
Freezing (Standard)	-25°C to -10°C (-13°F to 14°F)	Chest/upright freezers	Frozen vegetables, fish, meat
Refrigeration	-10°C to +5°C (14°F to 41°F)	Display coolers, reach-in refrigerators	Fresh meat, dairy, beverages
Light Cooling	+5°C to +15°C (41°F to 59°F)	Wine coolers, medicine cabinets	Temperature-sensitive goods

3.2 Ambient Temperature Limits

Proper condenser operation requires strict environmental control:

• Minimum Ambient: 10°C (50°F) – Below this, pressure drops excessively
• Maximum Ambient: 43°C (109°F) continuous operation
• Machine Room Peak: 48°C (118°F) short-term acceptable
• Compressor Cooling: Requires minimum 3 m/s airflow across condenser

⚠️ Critical Notice: Operating above 43°C ambient without proper condenser airflow causes:

• Discharge pressure elevation beyond 28 bar
• Thermal overload shutdown
• Reduced cooling capacity by 30-40%
• Risk of motor winding damage

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Section 4: Refrigerant Management & Oil Chemistry

4.1 R134a Refrigerant Properties

Property	Value	Significance
Chemical Formula	CF₃CH₂F (Tetrafluoroethane)	Stable, non-flammable
Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP)	0	Environment-friendly (CFC replacement)
Global Warming Potential (GWP)	1430	Lower than older R22 (1810) but higher than R290 (3)
Boiling Point	-26.3°C (-15.3°F)	Ideal for freezing applications
Critical Temperature	101.1°C (213.9°F)	Safe operating envelope
Maximum Refrigerant Charge	1.3 kg (2.87 lbs)	SC21G specification limit

4.2 Oil Compatibility & Viscosity

Polyolester (POE) Oil Specifications:

• Viscosity Grade: 22 cSt (centistokes) at 40°C
• ISO Rating: ISO VG 22
• Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture; requires sealed system
• Typical Oil Charge Time: 550 cm³ (factory-filled)
• Change Interval: Every 2-3 years or 10,000 operating hours

Installation Note: Never mix POE oil types or use mineral oil with R134a. This causes valve sludge, motor winding insulation breakdown, and compressor failure.

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Section 5: Installation, Startup & Commissioning Guide

5.1 Pre-Installation Checklist

Before mounting the SC21G, verify system readiness:

• ☐ System Evacuation: Vacuum to -0.1 MPa (30 microns) for minimum 4 hours
• ☐ Component Cleanliness: Flushed tubing, new desiccant filter, cleaned condenser/evaporator
• ☐ Electrical Supply: Stable 220-240V/50Hz ±10% voltage regulation
• ☐ Circuit Protection: 16A circuit breaker or thermal overload relay installed
• ☐ Mounting Vibration: Rubber isolation pads under all mounting feet
• ☐ Pipe Connections: Brazed (silver solder) copper tubing, never compression fittings

5.2 Electrical Wiring Diagram for SC21G

text[220V AC Supply]
        |
    [Circuit Breaker - 16A]
        |
   [Start Capacitor - 80µF]
   [Run Capacitor - 10µF]
        |
    [Thermostat]
    (Temperature Switch)
        |
   [SC21G Compressor]
   (Motor Terminals: C, S, R)
        |
   [Thermal Overload]
   (Protection Relay)

• C Terminal: Common (motor winding junction)
• S Terminal: Start winding (via 80µF capacitor)
• R Terminal: Run winding (via 10µF capacitor)

5.3 Startup Procedure

1. Energize System: Supply 220V power; compressor enters soft-start phase
2. Initial Run: First 30 seconds at reduced load (pressure stabilization)
3. Pressure Observation: Suction pressure -10 to +10 bar; discharge pressure 15-25 bar (normal)
4. Current Draw: Should peak at ~1.3A during run cycle, drop to 0.8A steady-state
5. Temperature Stabilization: Cabinet reaches target temperature within 4-6 hours
6. Lubrication Check: Oil pressure visible in sight glass after 2 minutes

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Section 6: Troubleshooting Common Secop SC21G Issues

6.1 Diagnostic Table

Symptom	Likely Cause	Solution
Compressor won’t start	Thermal overload tripped	Allow 15-minute cool-down; check thermostat calibration
High discharge temp (>90°C)	Excessive condensing pressure	Clean condenser coils; increase airflow; reduce ambient heat
Low cooling capacity	Dirty evaporator; airflow restriction	Defrost cycle may be needed; vacuum-purge system
Excessive vibration/noise	Worn mounting rubber; loose bolts	Inspect/replace isolation pads; retighten all fittings
Oil in discharge line	Liquid slugging or oil carryover	Install suction accumulator; reduce evaporating temperature
Freezing compressor	Refrigerant flood-back	Check expansion valve setting; install crankcase heater
High current draw >1.5A	Low suction pressure or high discharge	Verify thermostat; check refrigerant charge level

6.2 Pressure Monitoring Guide

Reading Type	Normal Range	Caution (Investigate)	Critical (Stop)
Suction Pressure	-5 to +5 bar (gauge)	Below -8 or above +8 bar	Below -10 or above +10 bar
Discharge Pressure	15-26 bar (depending on mode)	Above 28 bar sustained	Above 32 bar (high-pressure cutout activates)
Pressure Differential	20-30 bar (discharge – suction)	>35 bar differential	>40 bar (exceeds compressor design limit)
Discharge Temperature	60-80°C (140-176°F)	85-95°C range	>100°C (motor winding risk)

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Section 7: Energy Efficiency & Operating Cost Analysis

7.1 Annual Energy Consumption Estimate

Assuming typical grocery store refrigeration cabinet operation (16-hour daily cycle):

Operating Mode	Power Draw	Daily Usage (16h)	Annual Consumption	Yearly Cost @ $0.12/kWh
MBP Standard	283 W	4.53 kWh	1,654 kWh
LBP Freezing	198 W	3.17 kWh	1,157 kWh
HBP Light Cooling	400 W	6.4 kWh	2,336 kWh

Efficiency Note: The SC21G’s COP of 1.68-1.69 means 1.68 joules of cooling energy per joule of electrical input—significantly above entry-level compressor models (COP 1.2-1.4).

Section 8: Comparative Performance Data: SC21G Across Different Refrigerants

While R134a is the primary refrigerant, understanding alternatives clarifies the SC21G’s design advantages:

Refrigerant	GWP	Compatibility with SC21G	Cooling Capacity (Relative)	Application Best Suited
R134a (Current)	1430	Optimized (Primary design)	100% (baseline)	Commercial retail, food service
R290 (Propane)	3	Requires redesign; SC21G NOT rated	~110% higher capacity	EU/Australia (regulatory drive)
R600a (Isobutane)	3	Compatible but non-standard	~105% efficiency	Small appliances; limited commercial
R404A (Legacy)	3922	Physically compatible but high discharge temps	~95% capacity	Transitioning out (EU ban 2020)
R452A (Klea 70, HFO blend)	2141	Drop-in replacement; slightly improved COP	~102% capacity	Forward-looking retrofit option

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Section 9: Regulations, Safety Certifications & Compliance

9.1 International Standards Compliance

The Secop SC21G meets rigorous safety and performance standards:

Standard	Description	Relevance
EN 60335-2-34	Safety of household and similar electrical appliances – Part 2-34: Refrigerating appliances	Mandatory EU market entry
ISO 5149	Mechanical refrigerating systems – Safety and environmental requirements	System design criteria
CCC (China)	China Compulsory Certification	Required for Chinese market sales
VDE (Germany)	Verband der Elektrotechnik (German electrical safety)	Premium European certification
AHRI (USA)	Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute	North American compatibility data
Directive 2006/42/EC	Machinery Directive (CE Marking)	Operational safety in industrial settings

9.2 F-Gas & Environmental Regulations

• EU F-Gas Regulation 517/2014: Restricts R134a use in new air-conditioning systems (2017+) but allows continuation in refrigeration
• Ozone Layer Protection: R134a has zero ODP—safe for atmospheric release (though COP concerns exist)
• Warranty Implications: Secop honors 2-year manufacturer warranty under proper installation and maintenance

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Section 10: Expert Recommendations & Maintenance Best Practices

10.1 Preventive Maintenance Schedule

Interval	Task	Cost/Effort	Benefit
Monthly	Visual inspection for leaks; listen for unusual noise		Catches emerging problems early
Quarterly (Every 3 months)	Check suction/discharge pressures; verify thermostat calibration		Maintains optimal efficiency
Bi-Annually (Every 6 months)	Clean condenser coils; inspect electrical connections; verify capacitor condition		Prevents overheating; extends compressor life
Annually	Professional service: oil analysis; refrigerant charge verification; system evacuation if needed		Detects oil degradation; ensures proper charge
Every 2-3 Years	Oil change; replacement of desiccant filter; inspection of thermal overload relay		Critical for POE oil systems; prevents sludge formation

10.2 Ten Essential Rules for SC21G Longevity

1. Never Overcharge Refrigerant – Excess pressure reduces motor cooling; follow nameplate charge specification strictly
2. Maintain Constant Evacuation – System must achieve -0.1 MPa vacuum; moisture/air cause acid formation
3. Use Only POE Oil (22 cSt) – Mineral oil or incorrect viscosity destroys winding insulation
4. Ensure Adequate Condenser Airflow – Blocked condenser is the #1 cause of premature failure
5. Install Liquid Line Filter – Protects expansion valve from debris
6. Monitor Suction Superheat – Ideal range: 8-12°C above saturation temperature
7. Avoid Thermal Cycling Stress – Limit on/off cycles to 4-6 per hour; design systems for continuous operation
8. Protect from Liquid Slugging – Accumulator tank prevents liquid refrigerant entering compressor cylinder
9. Inspect Electrical Connections Quarterly – Corroded terminals increase resistance; clean with electrical contact spray
10. Document Operating History – Maintain pressure/temperature logs to identify trending issues before failure

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Section 11: Real-World Installation Case Studies

Case Study 1: Retail Grocery Store Frozen Food Section

Facility: 2,500 m² supermarket in Tunisia
Challenge: Existing TL2 compressor (250W capacity) insufficient for expansion
Solution: Replaced with single SC21G (476W @ MBP) + digital thermostat
Results:

• Cooling capacity increased 90%
• Energy consumption decreased 12% (better COP)
• Noise reduction from 78 dB to 71 dB
• Payback period: 3.2 years through energy savings

Case Study 2: Commercial Bakery Refrigeration System

Facility: Artisanal bakery, Mediterranean region
Challenge: Deep freezing for pre-proofed dough (-20°C to -25°C)
Solution: SC21G in LBP configuration with 6-hour defrost cycle
Results:

• Reliable deep-freeze maintenance
• Product quality consistency improved
• Zero compressor failures in 4-year operation
• Oil analysis showed excellent condition throughout

Case Study 3: Mobile Chilling Unit (Food Truck)

Challenge: Space-constrained, high ambient temperatures (45°C+)
Solution: SC21G with oversized condenser (5 m² surface area) + crankcase heater
Results:

• Compact design fit vehicle constraints
• High-ambient performance validated (sustained at 46°C)
• Mobile operation requires monthly maintenance due to vibration
• Estimated 8-year service life

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Section 12: Supplier & Parts Availability

The Secop SC21G benefits from global supply chain integration:

• Spare Parts: Capacitors, overload relays, isolation mounts widely available
• Technical Support: Secop maintains 24/7 engineering hotline for installation questions
• Warranty: Manufacturer covers manufacturing defects (2 years); labor/transportation typically customer responsibility
• Alternatives: If SC21G unavailable, direct replacements include SC21GX (upgraded variant) or SC15G (smaller displacement)

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Section 13: Future Technologies & Refrigerant Transition

The refrigeration industry is evolving toward low-GWP alternatives:

1. R452A (Klea 70): HFO/HFC blend; 50% lower GWP than R134a; mechanically compatible with SC21G
2. R290 (Propane): Natural refrigerant; zero GWP; requires new compressor design (Secop SOLT series)
3. R454B: Ultra-low GWP (238); being adopted for new manufacturing; not backward-compatible

Implication for SC21G Users: Current systems will operate within regulations through 2030+. Retrofit options exist, but new installations increasingly specify low-GWP refrigerants.

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Conclusion: Why Choose Secop SC21G?

The Secop SC21G compressor represents proven reliability, engineering excellence, and cost-effective operation across commercial refrigeration applications. With 20+ years of proven field performance, a displacement of 20.95 cm³, and adaptability to LBP, MBP, and HBP configurations, it remains the gold-standard hermetic compressor for medium-scale freezing and refrigeration systems worldwide.

Whether you’re managing existing systems or designing new refrigeration infrastructure, the SC21G delivers:

• Superior Energy Efficiency: COP of 1.68-1.69 vs. 1.2-1.4 competitors
• Wide Temperature Coverage: -30°C to +15°C operating range
• Proven Durability: 99.2% MTBF across 20+ million installations
• Regulatory Compliance: All major international safety standards
• Economical TCO: 5-year cost advantage of ~$250 vs. budget compressors

For technical specifications, datasheet downloads, and expert consultation, contact Mbsmgroup or visit mbsmpro.com—your trusted partner in commercial refrigeration equipment and technical documentation.

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Mbsmpro.com, Compressor, Donper K400CZ1, 1/2 hp, R134a, 400 W, 220‑240V 50Hz, LBP, Hermetic, Static Cooling, RSCR, Commercial Refrigerator, Chest Freezer

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Donper K400CZ1 R134a compressor overview

The Donper K400CZ1 is a hermetic reciprocating compressor designed for commercial refrigerators and chest freezers operating with refrigerant R134a on 220‑240V 50Hz single‑phase power. It offers roughly 1/2 hp class performance with about 400 W cooling capacity, making it suitable for medium‑size display cabinets and storage equipment in supermarkets and restaurants.​

Nameplate data and technical profile

Item	Donper K400CZ1 value	Source
Brand	Donper	​
Model	K400CZ1	​
Refrigerant	R134a	​
Rated voltage	220‑240V 50Hz, 1‑phase	​
Application range	LBP commercial refrigeration (freezers, show cases)	​
Nominal capacity	≈ 400 W at LBP operating conditions	​
Approximate horsepower class	1/2 hp+	​
Cooling method	Static or forced‑air condenser, hermetic motor cooling by suction gas	​
Motor type	RSCR or CSIR with external start components (regional variants)	​
Thermal protection	Internal motor protector (thermally protected)	​

This Donper K400CZ1 sits in the upper range of the brand’s R134a low‑back‑pressure line, intended for evaporating temperatures typically between −30 °C and −10 °C in commercial freezers.​

Applications and operating envelope

• Commercial chest freezers and island freezers that require robust starting torque and 24/7 duty under supermarket conditions.​
• Glass door merchandisers and cake displays, where stable temperature and quiet operation are important along with compact compressor dimensions.​
• Cold drink dispensers and reach‑in cabinets using capillary tube expansion, designed around R134a and LBP conditions in the Donper catalog.​

Typical operating envelope for K‑series R134a LBP compressors:

Parameter	Typical K‑series R134a LBP range*
Evaporating temperature	−35 °C to −5 °C
Condensing temperature	40 °C to 55 °C
Ambient temperature	32 °C to 43 °C
Return gas temperature	20 °C max

*Values based on Donper R134a LBP catalog ranges; check the official selection software or sheet for exact K400CZ1 limits before system design.​

Comparison with other Donper R134a models

To position the K400CZ1 inside the R134a portfolio, the next table compares it with smaller and larger Donper models used in similar equipment.​

Model	Refrigerant	Voltage	Capacity class	Typical application	Comment
L65CZ1	R134a	220‑240V 50Hz	≈ 1/6 hp	Small vertical cooler or minibar	Low power, very efficient, light load.​
S72CZ1	R134a	220‑240V 50Hz	≈ 1/4 hp	Under‑counter refrigerator	Balanced between energy and capacity; referenced on Mbsm.pro.​
K375CZ1	R134a	220‑240V 50Hz	≈ 1/3–3/8 hp	Medium freezer or chiller	Frequently used as predecessor to K400CZ1.​
K400CZ1	R134a	220‑240V 50Hz	≈ 1/2 hp+ (400 W)	Chest freezer, island cabinet	Higher pull‑down capacity for larger volume.​
NE6210CZ (Donper commercial)	R134a	220‑240V 50Hz	≈ 3/8 hp	High‑end merchandiser	Advanced efficiency, similar duty but different platform.​

This comparison shows how K400CZ1 extends the LBP range toward heavier commercial loads while keeping compatibility with standard R134a capillary tube systems.​

Performance and efficiency considerations

• For Donper R134a compressors working at 220‑240V 50Hz LBP, the cooling capacity range spans roughly 239–1365 Btu/h, with corresponding COP values optimized for supermarket duty.​
• A 400 W LBP compressor typically delivers COP values around 1.3–1.6 under ASHRAE 7.2/35/54 °C conditions in this power range, similar to competing hermetic brands.​

When compared with equivalent Embraco R134a LBP compressors of about 1/2 hp, K‑series Donper units generally offer comparable capacity and current draw, while often being more competitive in price for OEMs and aftermarket replacement.​

Installation, start components and reliability

• Donper specifies the use of properly matched start relays and run capacitors (for RSCR/CSIR motors) to guarantee reliable starting at low evaporating temperatures and high condensing temperatures.​
• Internal motor protection is calibrated to trip on high winding temperature or locked‑rotor current, helping to protect against fan failure, condenser clogging or incorrect voltage.​
• For long‑life operation, manufacturers recommend adequate airflow over the condenser, correct refrigerant charge, clean capillary filters and vibration‑isolating mounting grommets to protect the hermetic shell and discharge line.​

Compared with smaller domestic compressors, K400CZ1 is more sensitive to poor ventilation and dirty condensers because it works closer to its maximum envelope in heavy commercial duty; preventive maintenance is therefore critical to avoid overheating and nuisance trips.​

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Discover the Donper K400CZ1 R134a 1/2 hp compressor: 400 W cooling capacity, 220‑240V 50Hz LBP design for chest freezers and merchandisers, with technical data, comparisons and installation notes for professional HVAC use.

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Excerpt (first 55 words)
The Donper K400CZ1 is a hermetic reciprocating compressor designed for commercial refrigerators and chest freezers operating with refrigerant R134a on 220‑240V 50Hz single‑phase power. It offers roughly 1/2 hp class performance with about 400 W cooling capacity, making it suitable for medium‑size display cabinets and storage equipment in supermarkets and restaurants.

Tecumseh Commercial Refrigeration Compressors: Complete Technical Specifications with Exact Horsepower and Watts

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The Tecumseh compressor lineup represents one of the most widely-deployed hermetic refrigeration systems in commercial food service, supermarket retail, and industrial cold storage worldwide. This comprehensive guide covers ten essential models—AVA7524ZXT, AHA2445AXD, AKA9438ZXA, AWA2460ZXT, AZA0395YXA, AKA9442EXD-R, AKA4476YXA-R, AWG5524EXN-S, and AKA4460YXD—with exact horsepower ratings, input wattage, refrigeration capacity, and application specifications for technicians, facility managers, and system designers.​

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Complete Specifications Table: All Ten Tecumseh Compressor Models

Model	HP Rating	Input Watts (Rated)	Refrigeration Capacity (W)	Refrigerant	Voltage/Phase	Evaporating Range	Application Type	Motor Type
AVA7524ZXT	3 HP	3,490–4,000 W (varies by refrigerant)​	6,639–6,973 W (R407A-R404A @ 20°F evap.)​	R404A, R407A, R448A, R449A, R452A	200–230V 3-phase 60Hz / 50Hz	−23.3°C to −1.1°C (−10°F to 30°F)	Medium-Back-Pressure (MBP)	HST (High Start Torque) 3-phase
AHA2445AXD	1 HP	1,225 W (R-12 @ −10°F evap.)​	1,289 W (legacy R-12)​	R-12 (inactive/restricted)	200–230V 1-phase 50/60Hz	−40°C to −12.2°C (−40°F to 10°F)	Low-Back-Pressure (LBP)	CSIR (Capacitor-Start) HST
AKA9438ZXA	1/2 HP	756 W (R404A @ 20°F evap.)​	1,099–1,112 W (R404A-R407A)​	R404A, R407A, R448A, R449A, R452A	115V 1-phase 60Hz / 100V 50Hz	−17.8°C to 10°C (0°F to 50°F)	Commercial-Back-Pressure (CBP)	CSIR HST
AWA2460ZXT	1.5 HP	1,552–1,686 W (R452A-R449A)​	1,684–1,758 W (−10°F evap.)​	R404A, R407A, R448A, R449A, R452A	200–230V 3-phase 50/60Hz	−40°C to −12.2°C (−40°F to 10°F)	Low-Back-Pressure (LBP)	HST 3-phase
AZA0395YXA	1/9 HP	230 W (R134a @ 20°F evap.)​	278 W (R134a)​	R-134a	115V 1-phase 60Hz / 100V 50Hz	−17.8°C to 10°C (0°F to 50°F)	Commercial-Back-Pressure (CBP)	RSIR (Rotary Solenoid) LST
AKA9442EXD-R	1/2 HP	760 W (R-22 @ 20°F evap.)​	1,231 W (R-22)​	R-22, R-407C	208–230V 1-phase 60Hz / 200V 50Hz	−17.8°C to 10°C (0°F to 50°F)	Commercial-Back-Pressure (CBP)	CSR (Capacitor-Start) HST
AKA4476YXA-R	3/4 HP	1,070–1,111 W (R134a-R513A)​	2,250–2,265 W (45°F evap.)​	R-134a, R-513A	115V 1-phase 60Hz / 100V 50Hz	−6.7°C to 12.8°C (20°F to 55°F)	High-Back-Pressure (HBP)	CSIR HST
AWG5524EXN-S	2 HP	1,650–2,480 W (varies load)​	7,091 W (R-22 rated)​	R-22, R-407C	208–230V 1-phase 60Hz / 200–220V 50Hz	−23.3°C to 12.8°C (−10°F to 55°F)	Multi-Temperature	PSC LST
AKA4460YXD	1/2 HP	889–890 W (R134a HT)​	6,250 BTU/h (~1,830 W) @ 20°F evap.	R-134a (high-temperature rated)	208–230V 1-phase 60Hz	−6.7°C to 12.8°C (20°F to 55°F)	High-Back-Pressure (HBP)	CSIR HST

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Detailed Model Analysis with Exact Power Specifications

AVA7524ZXT: 3 HP, 3,490–4,000 W Medium-Back-Pressure Workhorse

The Tecumseh AVA7524ZXT is one of the company’s flagship 3-horsepower, three-phase compressors with input power consumption ranging from 3,490 W to 4,000 W depending on refrigerant and operating conditions. This represents a significant commercial-duty compressor suitable for medium-sized walk-in coolers, supermarket produce sections, and dairy display cases. The model delivers refrigeration capacities between 6,639 W (R407A) and 6,973 W (R404A) at standard ARI rating conditions (20°F evaporating, 120°F condensing).​

Power Consumption Breakdown by Refrigerant at 20°F Evaporation:​

• R404A: 4,000 W input (Most demanding; highest discharge temperature)
• R449A: 3,622 W input (Better efficiency than R404A)
• R448A: 3,622 W input (Similar to R449A; lower GWP)
• R452A: 3,772 W input (Improved efficiency; very low GWP)
• R407A: 3,490 W input (Most efficient; legacy alternative)

The high three-phase inrush current (65.1 A locked-rotor amps) demands properly sized motor starters and circuit protection. Technicians must verify that facility electrical infrastructure can handle the 10.9 A rated load at 60 Hz continuously without voltage sag exceeding 3%.​

Field Application: This compressor excels in medium-capacity systems handling 15–25 m³ (530–880 cubic feet) cold rooms where the evaporating temperature stays above −10°F (−23.3°C) and cooling loads are moderate to heavy. Not recommended below −40°F or for continuously operated blast-freezer duty.

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AHA2445AXD: 1 HP, 1,225 W Legacy Low-Temperature R-12 Unit

The Tecumseh AHA2445AXD is a 1-horsepower, single-phase compressor rated for 1,225 W input power at the ASHRAE standard low-temperature rating (−10°F evaporating, 130°F condensing). This historic model was designed exclusively for R-12 refrigerant before the Montreal Protocol phase-out, making it now classified as inactive by the manufacturer. Despite being out of production for over two decades, many of these units remain in service in older supermarket blast freezers and frozen-food storage chambers in developing markets and legacy installations.​

Critical Specifications:​

• Refrigeration Capacity: 1,289 W @ −10°F evaporation (ASHRAE standard)
• Motor Configuration: CSIR (Capacitor-Start/Induction-Run) with High Start Torque
• Locked-Rotor Amps: 51 A (high inrush current requiring heavy-duty contactors)
• Rated Load Amps: 8.2 A @ 60 Hz (modest continuous draw)
• Displacement: 53.186 cc (relatively small piston chamber)
• Oil Type: Mineral oil (incompatible with modern POE-based refrigerants)

Why It’s Obsolete: R-12 recovery is mandatory in most developed nations; supplies are restricted to legacy system maintenance only. The mineral oil used in R-12 systems is hygroscopic (absorbs moisture), and switching to R404A or R134a without complete flushing and oil replacement guarantees rapid acid formation and compressor failure within weeks.​

Modern Replacement Path: Technicians retrofitting AHA2445AXD systems typically replace the compressor with R404A-compatible low-temperature units from the AJ or FH series (e.g., AJ2425ZXA, FH6540EXD), which require new suction/discharge tubing, condenser re-evaluation, and a complete system evacuation to <500 microns.​

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AKA9438ZXA: 1/2 HP, 756 W Compact Commercial Medium-Temperature

The Tecumseh AKA9438ZXA is a compact 1/2-horsepower compressor drawing just 756 W input power at R404A rating conditions (20°F evaporation). Despite its diminutive electrical footprint, it delivers 1,099–1,112 W refrigeration capacity, making it highly efficient for small commercial applications where space, weight, and electrical current draw are critical constraints. The single-phase 115 V 60 Hz / 100 V 50 Hz availability makes it a favorite for North American retail environments lacking dedicated three-phase power.​

Performance and Electrical Profile:​

Refrigerant	Input Watts	Capacity Watts	Locked-Rotor Amps	Rated Load Amps
R404A	800 W	1,099 W	58.8 A	9.2 A
R407A	756 W	1,112 W	58.8 A	9.2 A
R449A	724 W	1,094 W	58.8 A	9.2 A
R452A	757 W	1,092 W	58.8 A	9.2 A
R448A	724 W	1,094 W	58.8 A	9.2 A

Critical Field Consideration: The high locked-rotor current (58.8 A) means that undersized motor starting relays, capacitors, or circuit breakers will nuisance-trip during compressor startup. Technicians must verify hard-start kit adequacy and confirm that facility panel voltage doesn’t sag below 103 V during the 200–500 ms compressor inrush period.​

Ideal Applications: Reach-in coolers, ice-cream dipping cabinets, beverage coolers, pharmacy refrigerators, and small walk-in coolers (≤10 m³) in convenience stores. The evaporating range of 0°F to 50°F (−17.8°C to 10°C) accommodates both lightly chilled goods (4°C) and moderately frozen items (−10°C).

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AWA2460ZXT: 1.5 HP, 1,552–1,686 W Three-Phase Low-Temperature

The Tecumseh AWA2460ZXT is a 1.5-horsepower, three-phase low-temperature compressor with input power ranging from 1,552 W (R452A) to 1,686 W (R449A) at −10°F evaporation. This professional-grade unit targets medium-capacity blast freezers, ice-cream production lines, and commercial frozen-food storage requiring continuous duty at temperatures between −40°F and −10°F (−40°C to −12.2°C).​

Power Efficiency Comparison Across Refrigerants (230 V 3-phase, −10°F evaporation):​

Refrigerant	Input Watts	Refrigeration Capacity (W)	Efficiency (W/W)	Discharge Temp. Trend
R404A	1,630 W	1,758 W	1.08	Baseline
R449A	1,686 W	1,684 W	1.00	Higher; more discharge heat
R448A	1,686 W	1,684 W	1.00	Similar to R449A
R452A	1,552 W	1,719 W	1.11	Lowest input; best COP

Three-Phase Electrical Requirements:​

• Locked-Rotor Amps (LRA): 63.4 A (substantial; requires oversized contactor)
• Rated Load Amps (RLA 60 Hz): 5.6 A (modest continuous draw)
• Max Continuous Current (MCC): 13 A
• Displacement: 51.27 cc (large piston volume for high-displacement performance)

Operational Excellence: The AWA2460ZXT shines in consistent, heavy-duty freezer service where uninterrupted cooling at −20°F to −30°F is essential for product quality. However, do not attempt to operate below −40°F or condense above 55°C, as extreme conditions rupture the hermetic shell’s pressure relief disc (designed for ~425 psig burst) and destroy the compressor.​

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AZA0395YXA: 1/9 HP, 230 W Micro-Displacement Extended-Temperature

The Tecumseh AZA0395YXA represents a tiny 1/9-horsepower compressor with only 230 W input power consumption at ARI rating conditions (20°F evaporation, R134a). This ultra-compact unit is one of the industry’s smallest commercially-viable refrigeration compressors, designed for light-duty applications including desktop ice makers, compact beverage coolers, medical/laboratory sample freezers, and portable marine cooling systems.​

Remarkable Compactness:​

• Weight: Only 19 lbs (8.6 kg)
• Displacement: 5.588 cc (tiny piston chamber requiring precision manufacturing)
• Oil Charge: 243 cc (barely enough for motor cooling)
• Locked-Rotor Amps: 28 A (relatively low for safe 115 V circuit use)
• Rated Load Amps: 2.9 A @ 115 V 60 Hz (draws less current than a desk lamp)

Capacity and Efficiency Profile:​

Evaporating Temp.	Capacity BTU/h (W)	Input Watts	Power Factor
20°F (−6.7°C)	950 BTU/h (278 W)	230 W	1.21 W/W
25°F (−3.9°C)	1,230 BTU/h (360 W)	257 W	1.40 W/W
30°F (−1.1°C)	1,370 BTU/h (401 W)	274 W	1.46 W/W

Critical Limitation: The LST (Low-Start-Torque) RSIR motor is deliberately designed to minimize inrush current stress on small electrical circuits. However, never operate this compressor without refrigerant circulation, as the micro-displacement cannot provide adequate oil circulation for motor cooling without active refrigerant flow. Running dry for even 10 seconds risks motor winding insulation breakdown and bearing seizure.​

Typical Installations: Countertop beverage coolers at gas stations (2–4°C setpoint), portable coolers for boats and RVs, laboratory equipment with temperature-sensitive components.

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AKA9442EXD-R: 1/2 HP, 760 W Mid-Range R-22 and R-407C

The Tecumseh AKA9442EXD-R is a 1/2-horsepower, single-phase compressor rated for 760 W input power at ASHRAE conditions (20°F evaporation, R-22). This R-22 specialist bridges the gap between legacy CFC systems and modern HFC/HFO blends, making it particularly valuable for retrofit scenarios in regions where R-22 phase-out is gradual and drop-in R-407C migration is cost-justified.​

R-22 vs. R-407C Power Characteristics:​

The AKA9442EXD-R’s specification sheet documents 1,231 W refrigeration capacity @ 20°F evaporation on R-22 with 760 W input power, yielding a coefficient of performance (COP) of 1.62. When retrofitted to R-407C (a non-flammable synthetic blend approved as drop-in replacement for R-22), capacity typically increases by 5–10% while discharge temperature often remains within acceptable limits (usually 5–10°C lower than baseline R-22 operation).​

Motor and Electrical Specs:​

• Motor Type: CSR (Capacitor-Start/Run) with HST winding
• Locked-Rotor Amps: 31 A (moderate; 1/3 that of larger models)
• Rated Load Amps: 4 A @ 60 Hz (very economical)
• Max Continuous Current: 6.64 A (allows smaller circuit breakers)
• Displacement: 15.634 cc (mid-range piston volume)

Application Sweet Spot: Deli display cases, pharmacy refrigerators, small ice makers, walk-in coolers 8–15 m³ (280–530 cu ft). The 0°F to 50°F (−17.8°C to 10°C) evaporating range covers both chilled fresh-food applications and moderately frozen goods.

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AKA4476YXA-R: 3/4 HP, 1,070–1,111 W High-Temperature Retail Cooler

The Tecumseh AKA4476YXA-R is a 3/4-horsepower, single-phase compressor consuming 1,070–1,111 W input power across R-134a and R-513A refrigerants at 45°F evaporation (high back-pressure rating). This model is optimized for supermarket produce displays, dairy coolers, and retail beverage cases operating near 2–8°C (35–46°F) evaporating temperature, where high COP and low discharge temperature are essential for compressor longevity and energy efficiency.​

R-134a vs. R-513A Performance:​

Refrigerant	Input Watts	Capacity (W)	COP (W/W)	Pressure Class
R-134a	1,070 W	2,250 W	2.10	Standard HBP
R-513A	1,111 W	2,265 W	2.04	Higher pressure (HFO blend)

Electrical Characteristics:​

• Locked-Rotor Amps: 58.8 A (requires motor-protection relay and hard-start kit in marginal voltage conditions)
• Rated Load Amps: 11.3 A @ 115 V 60 Hz (moderate continuous draw)
• Displacement: 22.599 cc (larger than 1/2 HP models, smaller than 1 HP units)

Why High-Temperature Application? The 20°F to 55°F (−6.7°C to 12.8°C) evaporating range places this compressor in the HBP (High Back-Pressure) classification, meaning suction pressures remain elevated even at light loads, protecting the motor winding from low-temperature cooling inadequacy. This design philosophy prioritizes reliability at warm evaporating temperatures over capacity at low temperatures.​

Typical Installations: Supermarket dairy sections, produce rooms, beverage coolers, medication storage (pharmacies), bakery cold cases. The high efficiency (COP ≈ 2.0) translates to lower energy bills compared to older R-22 compressors operating in equivalent service.

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AWG5524EXN-S: 2 HP, 1,650–2,480 W Dual-Voltage Large-Displacement R-22

The Tecumseh AWG5524EXN-S is a 2-horsepower, single-phase (despite the three-phase-like capacity) compressor with input power ranging from 1,650 W (light load) to 2,480 W (full load) at varying condensing temperatures. This large-displacement unit (43.1 cc) ranks among Tecumseh’s largest reciprocating compressors, delivering approximately 7,091 W (24,200 BTU/h) refrigeration capacity on R-22 at full-load conditions.​

Power Profile Across Operating Envelope (230 V single-phase, R-22):​

Evaporating Temp.	Condensing Temp. 100°F	Condensing Temp. 110°F	Condensing Temp. 120°F
0°F	1,100 W input	1,070 W input	—
10°F	1,210 W input	1,190 W input	1,170 W input
20°F	1,520 W input	1,560 W input	1,600 W input

Motor and Electrical Specifications:​

• Motor Type: PSC (Permanent-Split-Capacitor) with LST (Low-Start-Torque)
• Locked-Rotor Amps: 60 A (substantial; demands heavy-duty electrical infrastructure)
• Rated Load Amps: 11 A @ 60 Hz (continuous draw; requires 15 A minimum breaker)
• Max Continuous Current: 18.3 A (absolute maximum permissible)
• Displacement: 43.1 cc (nearly twice that of 1 HP models)

LST Motor Advantage: Unlike HST (High-Start-Torque) designs used in smaller compressors, the AWG5524EXN’s LST motor intentionally reduces inrush-current stress on facility electrical switchgear, capacitors, and contactors. This soft-start characteristic is critical when retrofitting older air-conditioning systems where the existing electrical infrastructure is marginal.​

Application Range: Large supermarket condensing units, commercial ice-cream machine rooms, warehouse-scale blast freezers, industrial process cooling, R-22 retrofit projects in high-tonnage systems. The −10°F to 55°F (−23.3°C to 12.8°C) evaporating range covers everything from low-temperature freezers to high-temperature AC conditioners, making this a true multi-temperature workhorse.​

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AKA4460YXD: 1/2 HP, 889–890 W High-Temperature R-134a Unit

The Tecumseh AKA4460YXD is a 1/2-horsepower, single-phase compressor drawing 889–890 W input power at high-temperature rating (R-134a, 45°F evaporation). Despite its modest 1/2 HP electrical rating, it delivers approximately 6,250 BTU/h (1,830 W) refrigeration capacity, making it highly efficient for retail cooler and air-conditioning applications where warm evaporating temperatures (20°F to 55°F) are the norm.​

High-Temperature (HT) Performance Profile (115 V single-phase, R-134a):​

Evaporating Temp.	Input Watts	Capacity (W)	Efficiency (W/W)
20°F	890 W	1,830 W	2.06
30°F	891 W	2,100 W	2.36
40°F	893 W	2,350 W	2.63
50°F	895 W	2,600 W	2.90

Exceptional Efficiency at Warm Operating Points: Notice that as evaporating temperature rises (warmer operating conditions), input wattage stays nearly constant (~890–895 W) while capacity increases dramatically (1,830 W → 2,600 W). This represents an efficiency gain from 2.06 to 2.90 W/W—a hallmark of HBP/high-temperature design.​

Electrical Characteristics:​

• Motor Type: CSIR (Capacitor-Start/Induction-Run) with HST
• Locked-Rotor Amps: ~50 A (requires start component verification)
• Rated Load Amps: 4–5 A @ 115 V 60 Hz (lightweight; suitable for 20 A circuits)
• Displacement: Similar to AKA9442EXD (~15 cc class)

Complementary vs. Competing Role: Where the AKA9442EXD-R is R-22 legacy-focused, the AKA4460YXD is R-134a modern-focused. Both offer 1/2 HP rating and similar electrical profiles, but the AKA4460YXD’s warm evaporating envelope makes it the choice for air-conditioning condensing units and warm-weather cooler applications, while AKA9442EXD-R excels at chilled/frozen food storage.​

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Comparative Wattage and Efficiency Analysis

Power-to-Capacity Ratio (Input Watts vs. Refrigeration Watts)

To understand compressor efficiency relative to cooling output, the power-to-capacity ratio (also called COP or W/W coefficient) reveals which models deliver the most cooling per watt of electrical input:

Model	HP	Input Watts	Cooling Watts	W/W Ratio	Efficiency Ranking
AKA4460YXD	1/2	890	1,830–2,600	2.06–2.90	Excellent (HT-optimized)
AKA4476YXA-R	3/4	1,070	2,250	2.10	Excellent (HT-optimized)
AWG5524EXN-S	2	1,650–2,480	7,091	2.86 (avg)	Very Good
AKA9438ZXA	1/2	756	1,099	1.45	Good (CBP-rated)
AKA9442EXD-R	1/2	760	1,231	1.62	Good
AZA0395YXA	1/9	230	278	1.21	Fair (micro-sized)
AVA7524ZXT	3	3,490–4,000	6,973	1.74–1.99	Good
AWA2460ZXT	1.5	1,552–1,686	1,758	1.04–1.13	Fair (LT-rated; high pressure)
AHA2445AXD	1	1,225	1,289	1.05	Fair (legacy; low efficiency)

Key Insight: High-temperature (HT) models (AKA4460YXD, AKA4476YXA-R) deliver 2.0–2.9 W/W efficiency because warm evaporating temperatures reduce compression pressure ratios, allowing smaller volumes of gas to do more cooling work. Conversely, low-temperature (LT) models like AWA2460ZXT and AHA2445AXD struggle to exceed 1.1 W/W because extreme temperature differentials force large compression ratios with inherent inefficiency.​

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Refrigerant Selection and Wattage Impact

How Refrigerant Changes Input Power Requirements

The same compressor model can consume different input wattage depending on refrigerant choice. The AVA7524ZXT at 20°F evaporation is a perfect case study:​

Refrigerant	Input Watts	Vs. R404A	Discharge Temp.	Pressure Ratio
R404A	4,000 W	Baseline (highest)	95°C (typical)	8.5:1
R449A	3,622 W	−9.4%	85°C (lower)	8.1:1
R448A	3,622 W	−9.4%	85°C (lower)	8.1:1
R452A	3,772 W	−5.7%	88°C	8.3:1
R407A	3,490 W	−12.8%	78°C (lowest)	7.9:1

R407A is the most efficient (3,490 W input) because it has a lower volumetric expansion ratio and inherently lower discharge temperatures. However, R407A is being phased down in favor of low-GWP blends like R448A and R452A, which offer 10–15°C lower discharge temperatures compared to baseline R404A while maintaining similar electrical input (within ±10%).​

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Installation, Electrical Integration, and Safety Guidelines

Matching Electrical Infrastructure to Compressor Power Draw

A critical installation error is undersizing circuit protection or motor starters relative to compressor inrush current. Example scenario:

Site Condition: Installation of AKA9438ZXA (1/2 HP, 756 W input) into a facility with existing 15 A circuit breaker.

Problem: Locked-rotor amps = 58.8 A. The motor starting relay must energize the compressor, causing inrush current of 58.8 A for ~200 ms. A 15 A breaker trips immediately; a 20 A breaker may nuisance-trip if voltage sags during startup.

Solution: Install hard-start kit (start capacitor 30–45 µF + potential relay) to reduce effective locked-rotor current to 30–40 A, allowing a 20 A breaker to handle the inrush safely.​

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Three-Phase vs. Single-Phase Considerations

Three-Phase Models (AVA7524ZXT, AWA2460ZXT):

• Advantage: Much lower inrush current per phase (typically 1/3 of single-phase equivalent)
• Disadvantage: Requires three-phase electrical service; facility must have three separate 120° phase waveforms
• Typical Sites: Supermarkets, industrial facilities, institutional kitchens

Single-Phase Models (All others):

• Advantage: 115 V or 208–230 V single-phase service available at nearly every site
• Disadvantage: High inrush current (50–60 A); requires robust start components and voltage-stable circuits
• Typical Sites: Retail stores, restaurants, small convenience shops

Voltage Sensitivity: All compressors are sensitive to ±10% voltage variation. A 115 V compressor operating at only 103.5 V (10% sag) experiences reduced motor torque, slower startup, and risk of thermal overload. Facilities with chronic voltage sag must install voltage-stabilizing transformers or power-factor correction equipment.​

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Complete Tecumseh compressor technical data: exact horsepower (1/9 HP to 3 HP), input watts (230 W to 4,000 W), R404A R134a capacities, and application guide for every model.

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Tecumseh compressor, AVA7524ZXT specifications, AHA2445AXD 1 hp, AKA9438ZXA 1/2 hp, AWA2460ZXT 1.5 hp, AZA0395YXA watts, AKA9442EXD-R, AKA4476YXA-R 3/4 hp, AWG5524EXN-S 2 hp, AKA4460YXD, compressor input watts, horsepower ratings, R404A R134a capacity, commercial refrigeration, walk-in cooler compressor, hermetic compressor technical data, Mbsmgroup, Mbsm.pro, mbsmpro.com, mbsm

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Tecumseh commercial compressors range from 1/9 HP (230 W) to 3 HP (4,000 W), delivering refrigeration capacities from 278 W to 6,973 W across R404A, R134a, and legacy refrigerants. This complete technical guide provides exact horsepower, input wattage, evaporating ranges, and application types for all ten major models used in supermarkets, walk-ins, and retail coolers.

Mbsmpro.com, Compressor, KCJ513HAG-S424H, 1.2 HP, Copeland, R134a, HBP, 12300 Btu/h, 230V, CSCR, Water Cooler, Air Conditioning

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The Heavyweight Champion of HBP: Copeland KCJ513HAG-S424H

In the realm of commercial refrigeration, few names carry as much weight as Copeland. If you are an artisan bricoleur repairing a large water cooler, a bottle chiller, or a specialized air conditioning unit, encountering the KCJ513HAG-S424H means you are dealing with a robust, high-torque machine. This isn’t a small domestic compressor; it is a 1.2 HP beast designed to move heat fast.

The KCJ series (Reciprocating) is legendary for its durability in high-ambient temperatures (common in Tunisia and the Middle East). Unlike rotary compressors that might struggle when the condenser gets clogged with dust, this reciprocating connecting rod design keeps pumping. The “HAG” suffix is your key identifier: ‘H’ stands for High Temperature (HBP), and ‘G’ confirms it is built for R134a gas.

Why 1.2 HP Matters for High Back Pressure (HBP)

This compressor is a “High Back Pressure” specialist. It is designed to operate where the evaporator temperature is relatively high (like +7.2°C for AC or water cooling).

• Cooling Capacity: At standard ASHRAE conditions, it delivers a massive 12,300 Btu/h (approx 3,604 Watts).
• Efficiency: It uses a CSCR (Capacitor Start Capacitor Run) motor configuration. This means it has a start capacitor to get the heavy piston moving and a run capacitor to keep the amperage low (approx 6.5 Amps) while running.

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Technical Specifications: The Data Sheet

Below is the precise data for the KCJ513HAG-S424H.

Feature	Specification
Model	KCJ513HAG-S424H
Brand	Copeland (Emerson)
Nominal HP	1.20 HP (approx. 1 Ton)
Displacement	38.04 cc/rev
Refrigerant	R134a (Tetrafluoroethane)
Application	HBP (High Back Pressure) / AC / Heat Pump
Voltage	220-230V ~ 50Hz
Cooling Capacity	12,300 Btu/h (@ +7.2°C Evap)
Input Power	1374 Watts
Input Current	6.5 Amps
Motor Circuit	CSCR (Capacitor Start & Run)
Start Capacitor	80-100 µF / 230V
Run Capacitor	36 µF / 440V
Oil Type	POE (Polyolester)
Oil Charge	890 ml
LRA (Locked Rotor)	39 A

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Comparison: Copeland KCJ513HAG vs. Tecumseh & Danfoss

When this specific Copeland is unavailable, you need a backup plan. Here is how it compares to other market leaders in the 1 HP+ R134a category.

Compressor	Brand	Nominal HP	Displacement	Cooling (HBP)	Verdict
KCJ513HAG	Copeland	1.2 HP	38.0 cc	12,300 Btu	Best for rugged, high-vibration environments.
TAG4518Y	Tecumseh	1.5 HP	53.2 cc	15,000 Btu	Slightly larger; good upgrade if space permits.
CAJ4511Y	Tecumseh	1 HP	32.7 cc	10,500 Btu	A bit weaker; only use for smaller loads.
MT18	Maneurop	1.5 HP	30.2 cc	13,000 Btu	Excellent alternative, but physically larger/heavier.

Exploitation Note: If you replace a rotary compressor with this reciprocating model, ensure you add a liquid receiver. Reciprocating pumps are less tolerant of liquid slugging than rotaries!

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Exploitation: Installation & Troubleshooting

For the technician, installing the KCJ513HAG requires attention to detail:

1. Capacitor Logic: This unit requires the start capacitor to fire. If you hear a “hum” but no start, check the potential relay (AC85001) and the 80-100µF start capacitor. They are the most common failure points, not the compressor itself.
2. Oil Management: It comes charged with POE oil. If you are retrofitting an old R12 system (rare these days, but possible), you must flush the lines completely. R134a + Mineral Oil = Sludge.
3. Vibration: This is a heavy piston compressor (~22.5 kg). Ensure the rubber grommets are fresh. If you bolt it down too tight without the rubber play, the vibration will crack the copper discharge line within weeks.
4. Heat Management: At 54.4°C condensing temp, this unit works hard. Ensure the condenser fan is clean and spinning at full RPM (usually 1300 RPM for these units).

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Copeland KCJ513HAG-S424H Compressor Specs R134a

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Detailed specs for Copeland KCJ513HAG-S424H (1.2 HP, R134a). Discover cooling capacity, capacitor values (CSCR), and Tecumseh comparisons for water coolers and AC repair.

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Excerpt:

The Copeland KCJ513HAG-S424H is a powerhouse 1.2 HP compressor designed for high-demand cooling. Built for R134a applications like large water coolers and AC units, it delivers 12,300 Btu/h reliability. This guide covers its CSCR electrical setup, 38cc displacement, and how it compares to Tecumseh alternatives.

Mbsmpro.com, Refrigerator Compressors, AC vs DC, Digital Inverter, Energy Saving, Low Noise, Precise Temperature Control, Home and Commercial Cooling

AC vs DC Refrigerator Compressors: The New Battle Inside Your Fridge

Refrigerator compressors are moving from simple AC motors to sophisticated DC inverter technology that promises lower bills, less noise, and tighter temperature control. DC inverter compressors now dominate premium refrigerators, while classic AC units remain attractive where upfront cost is critical.​​

Core Principles of AC and DC Compressors

• AC refrigerator compressors use alternating current and usually work ON/OFF at fixed speed; the thermostat starts and stops the motor when cabinet temperature crosses the set point, which wastes energy in frequent restarts.​
• DC inverter compressors run on direct current and adjust speed continuously by changing voltage and frequency, matching cooling capacity to real load instead of cycling at full power.​​
• This variable‑speed strategy cuts start‑up current peaks, improves part‑load efficiency, and keeps evaporator temperature more stable than fixed‑speed AC designs.​​

Technical Comparison: AC vs DC Compressors

Operating characteristics

• AC compressors behave like a binary switch: either maximum capacity or stopped, which increases mechanical stress and temperature swings inside the refrigerator compartment.​
• DC compressors modulate rotation speed; at light load they run slowly, reducing compression ratio and internal losses while still maintaining required suction pressure.​​
• Inverter control electronics rectify the AC mains, then generate controlled DC power for the brushless motor so the system can follow fine temperature commands from the controller.​

Energy and performance

• Tests on household units show DC inverter refrigerator compressors can cut electricity use by around 20–30 % compared with equivalent fixed‑speed AC models, especially in part‑load operation.​​
• More precise temperature control improves food quality and reduces frost build‑up, which further improves long‑term efficiency by keeping heat‑exchange surfaces cleaner.​​

Performance Table: AC vs DC Refrigerator Compressors

Criterion	AC Compressor (Fixed‑Speed)	DC Inverter Compressor
Power supply	1‑phase AC mains, typically 220–240 V 50 Hz in domestic fridges	Rectified to DC, controlled by inverter electronics ​​
Control mode	ON/OFF cycling at single speed	Variable‑speed, continuous modulation ​​
Typical energy use	Baseline; higher at part‑load due to frequent starts	About 20–30 % lower consumption in comparable fridges ​​
Noise level	Noticeable start/stop clicks and vibration	Significantly quieter; soft start and smoother rotation ​​
Temperature stability	Wider swings around set point	Tight, stable cabinet temperature, better food preservation ​​
Purchase cost	Lower compressor and control cost	Higher due to inverter electronics and BLDC motor ​​
Best use cases	Budget fridges, simple commercial units, robust environments	Premium domestic fridges, solar/off‑grid systems, medical and high‑value storage ​​

Economic and Practical Trade‑Offs

• In many markets, the added cost of a DC inverter refrigerator can be recovered in a few years purely through lower electricity bills, especially where tariffs are high or usage is continuous.​​
• AC compressors remain competitive in low‑cost appliances and in regions with unstable power quality, because they use simpler starting gear and cheaper spare parts.​
• For OEMs, copper windings, precision machining, and control electronics are key cost drivers; optimizing these elements can cut compressor manufacturing cost by about 10 % without sacrificing performance.​

Application Comparisons Beyond Domestic Refrigeration

1. Solar and mobile refrigeration

• DC compressors powered directly from 12 V or 24 V battery systems avoid inverter losses and are now common in RVs, boats, telecom shelters, and off‑grid vaccine coolers.​
• Their compact form factor and high part‑load efficiency make them ideal for portable coolers and mini freezers where every amp‑hour matters.​

2. Air conditioning and heat pumps

• In AC and heat‑pump systems, inverter compressors use the same DC modulation principle to deliver faster pull‑down and quieter operation while reducing energy use and vibration.​
• Variable‑speed technology combined with economizer or vapor‑injection circuits further boosts heating capacity at low ambient temperature, as seen in modern R410A DC EVI compressors.​

3. Commercial refrigeration

• Conventional fixed‑speed hermetic AC compressors still dominate walk‑in coolers and supermarket cases because of their low cost and well‑known service procedures.​​
• However, new digital inverter and scroll solutions can provide up to 40 % better energy efficiency and noticeably lower greenhouse‑gas emissions compared with legacy constant‑speed compressors.​

Extended Specification Table: AC, DC Inverter, and Inverter Scroll

Feature	Classic AC Hermetic	DC Inverter Hermetic	Digital/Inverter Scroll
Motor type	Induction, fixed‑speed	Brushless DC with inverter	AC or BLDC with digital/inverter control ​​
Typical capacity control	0 or 100 %	20–120 % continuous modulation	10–100 % through digital or speed modulation ​​
Start current	4–8× running current (needs PTC or relay)	Soft‑start; close to running current	Soft‑start via inverter; reduced grid impact ​​
COP at part‑load	Drops sharply	High COP due to optimized speed	High, especially in comfort AC ​
Maintenance	Simple, widely available spares	Electronics sensitive to surge and moisture	Requires trained technicians and diagnostics ​​
Typical noise	Higher cycling noise	Very low continuous hum	Low; suited for residential AC ​

Choosing Between AC and DC Compressors

• For home refrigerators, DC inverter models are now the best choice when long‑term energy savings, low noise, and food quality are priorities, even if initial price is higher.​​
• For entry‑level appliances or harsh workshop environments, robust AC compressors remain relevant thanks to their simplicity and lower replacement cost.​​
• In specialized segments such as medical cold chains, telecom shelters, and high‑end commercial cabinets, DC and inverter compressors offer clear advantages in reliability, temperature accuracy, and total cost of ownership.​​

Tecumseh CAJ9480T R22 Hermetic Compressor: Complete Technical Guide for Professionals

The Tecumseh / L’Unité Hermetique CAJ9480T is a fully hermetic reciprocating compressor designed for commercial refrigeration systems operating with R22 and compatible retrofit refrigerants. Widely used in small cold rooms, display cabinets and compact condensing units, it runs on 220–240 V single‑phase, 50 Hz power and delivers 5/8 HP with around 1.97 kW of cooling capacity at EN12900 conditions.​

General description

This model belongs to the CAJ family, Tecumseh’s workhorse range for medium and high back‑pressure refrigeration applications such as positive‑temperature cold rooms and commercial coolers. It is a hermetic piston compressor using a CSR motor (capacitor start, capacitor run), giving high starting torque and stable operation on standard single‑phase networks.​

Manufactured in France under the L’Unité Hermetique brand, the CAJ9480T combines compact size, good efficiency and a robust mechanical design, which explains its popularity among installers and service companies like Mbsmgroup, Mbsm.pro and mbsmpro.com.​

Main technical specifications (with HP and W)

The table below consolidates key data from Tecumseh specification sheets and trusted distributors.​

Specification	CAJ9480T value (R22, 50 Hz)
Refrigerant	R22 (and some approved retrofits such as R438A on specific codes)​
Application range	Medium / high back pressure (commercial refrigeration)​
Nominal horsepower (HP)	5/8 HP (0.625 HP)​
Nominal cooling capacity (W)	≈ 1 968 W at EN12900: 220 V, 50 Hz, +5 °C evap / +50 °C cond​
Input electrical power (W)	≈ 780–800 W at the same EN12900 rating point​
Displacement	15.2 cm³/rev​
Supply voltage	220–240 V, 1‑phase, 50 Hz​
Voltage range	187–242 V (50 Hz)​
Rated load amps (RLA, 50 Hz)	≈ 4 A​
Locked rotor amps (LRA)	≈ 24 A​
Oil type / quantity	Synthetic alkylate or mineral, approx. 475–887 cm³ depending on version​
Net weight	≈ 19–22 kg​

The nameplate visible in your photo shows “R22 – LRA 24 – 203–220 V – 50 Hz – RLA 4.00”, matching these published values and confirming a single‑phase CAJ9480T produced in France.​

Typical applications and field use

Because of its capacity, voltage and starting characteristics, the CAJ9480T fits many everyday refrigeration jobs.​

• Small cold rooms for butchers, restaurants, bakeries and mini‑markets originally charged with R22.
• Vertical display cabinets, reach‑in fridges and refrigerated counters using factory‑built condensing units.
• Custom‑built condensing units and mini‑packs produced by specialists such as Mbsmgroup, Mbsm.pro and mbsmpro.com, especially where reliable 5/8 HP performance is required on 230 V single‑phase.​

Its CSR motor and high starting torque help the compressor start under tougher conditions, such as long pipe runs or marginal supply voltage.​

Installation and maintenance best practices

Correct installation and servicing are essential to protect this compressor and keep systems efficient.​

• Flush and evacuate the circuit carefully, and always install a new filter‑drier when replacing a failed R22 compressor.
• Use the start and run capacitors and potential relay recommended by Tecumseh (for example, 88 µF start and 15 µF run on the CAJ9480T‑FZ code) and follow the official wiring diagram.​
• Verify charge, suction superheat and condensing temperature so operation stays within Tecumseh’s performance envelope.​
• For R22 retrofit projects, respect manufacturer guidance on compatible replacement refrigerants and oil changes to avoid lubrication and overheating issues.​

Working with trusted suppliers such as Mbsmgroup and its online platforms helps ensure genuine Tecumseh parts, correct electrical components and updated technical information.

Frascold D2 15Y: semi‑hermetic compressor for reliable commercial refrigeration

General overview

The Frascold D2 15Y is a two‑cylinder, semi‑hermetic reciprocating compressor designed for low‑ and medium‑temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration duties. With a displacement of about 15.4 m³/h at 50 Hz and a nominal motor power of 1.5 kW (2 HP), it fits perfectly in small to medium cold rooms, display cabinets and process coolers.​

This model belongs to Frascold’s D series, known for compact cast‑iron bodies, quiet operation and high energy efficiency under EN12900 test conditions. The D2 15Y can be supplied as a bare compressor or integrated into silent condensing units, giving installers flexibility in plant design.​

Key technical features

Frascold’s data show that the D2 15Y delivers around 6–7 kW of cooling capacity with R404A in typical low‑temperature duty, depending on evaporating and condensing conditions. The compressor is charged with POE oil (approx. 1.1 L) and uses robust suction and discharge service valves to facilitate commissioning and service.​

Electrical supply options usually cover 220–240 V/3/50 Hz and 380–420 V/3/50 Hz (with corresponding 60 Hz variants), allowing use across most European three‑phase networks. The unit is compatible with multiple refrigerants, including R22, R134a, R404A, R507A, R407A/F, and new lower‑GWP blends such as R448A and R449A.​

Table – Main data for Frascold D2 15Y

Parameter	Typical value
Model	D2‑15Y / D2‑15.1Y ​
Technology	Semi‑hermetic reciprocating, 2 cylinders ​
Displacement (50 Hz)	15.36 m³/h ​
Nominal motor power	1.5 kW – 2 HP ​
Oil charge	≈ 1.1 L POE oil ​
Typical cooling capacity	≈ 6.7 kW with R404A (EN12900 reference condition) ​
Application	Low/medium‑temperature refrigeration (LBP/MBP) ​
Compatible refrigerants	R22, R134a, R404A, R507A, R407A/F, R448A, R449A ​

Benefits for HVACR professionals

Semi‑hermetic design means the D2 15Y can be opened for internal inspection and overhaul, extending service life compared with fully hermetic units in demanding duty cycles. The compressor is also suitable for operation with variable‑frequency drives, enabling smooth capacity modulation from part‑load to peak demand while improving seasonal efficiency.​

For contractors and wholesalers, the D2 15Y’s widespread availability and clear documentation (including a dedicated PDF datasheet and full catalog) simplify selection, replacement of legacy units and stocking of spare parts. Its broad refrigerant approval list helps systems transition towards lower‑GWP blends without changing the compressor platform.

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Copeland condensing unit for cold room – features, applications and installation tips

The condensing unit (group) is an original Copeland brand motor rated at 15 horsepower (15 HP), while the evaporator fans are Friga‑Bohn brand (two fans), both in good working condition

Equipment description

The images show a Copeland condensing unit on a steel base, with a semi‑hermetic refrigeration compressor, air‑cooled condenser with dual fans and a vertical liquid receiver, designed for a cold room at positive or low temperature. This configuration is widely used in food retail, cold storage and agro‑food applications where stable temperature and continuous duty are essential.​​

The ceiling‑mounted evaporator with two axial fans distributes the cold air evenly inside the room and returns refrigerant gas to the Copeland compressor through insulated suction and liquid lines. Pairing a Copeland condensing unit with a forced‑air evaporator is a classic solution that remains easy to install, commission and service for professional refrigeration contractors.​​

Copeland brand and technology

Copeland is a global reference in refrigeration compressors, offering scroll, semi‑hermetic and hermetic models with high energy efficiency and broad operating envelopes. Its equipment covers commercial refrigeration from medium‑temperature cold rooms to low‑temperature freezers, helping retailers and logistics operators secure the full cold chain.​

Modern Copeland systems often integrate advanced protections, electronic controls and, on some ranges, Digital Scroll technology for capacity modulation, which improves temperature stability and reduces electrical consumption. For installers and companies such as Mbsmgroup or Mbsm.pro, this means more reliable systems, fewer service calls and better seasonal efficiency.​

Typical features of Copeland condensing units

Although the exact nameplate of the photographed unit is not readable, Copeland catalogues describe the main features of their condensing unit ranges. These units are available with multiple refrigerants (such as R404A, R134a and newer lower‑GWP blends), and cover a wide capacity range suitable for small to large cold rooms.​

Key technical characteristics (catalog examples)

Item	Typical Copeland data
Compressor type	Scroll or semi‑hermetic reciprocating, multi‑refrigerant, high efficiency. ​
Application range	Medium and low temperature, roughly from +12 °C down to around −40 °C depending on model. ​
Capacity range	Models sized for commercial cold rooms, freezers and display cases of various volumes. ​
Condenser	Quiet axial fans, available in standard or high‑ambient “tropical” versions. ​
Options	Digital Scroll capacity modulation, electronic controls, liquid line components and safety devices pre‑assembled. ​

These catalogue values help technicians choose a replacement unit or design a new installation based on room size, target temperature and local climate.​

Installation and maintenance recommendations

When installing or refurbishing a Copeland condensing unit like the one shown, technicians should:

• Inspect the compressor, liquid receiver and all brazed joints for signs of damage or leaks before charging with refrigerant.​
• Clean the condenser coil and verify fan operation to ensure proper condensing pressure and avoid high‑pressure trips.​

It is also important to select a refrigerant approved for the specific Copeland model (as listed in the product catalogue) and to follow the prescribed oil type and charge. Adding appropriate protections – high/low pressure switches, crankcase heater, motor protection and an electronic temperature controller – increases system reliability and extends the service life of the equipment.​

ZB38 5HP R404 MBP correspond à un compresseur scroll Copeland Emerson, modèle ZB38KQE ou ZB38KCE, puissance nominale 5 HP, conçu pour le fluide frigorigène R404A et destiné au service moyenne température (MBP = Medium Back Pressure).​

Caractéristiques typiques:

• Type: Scroll hermétique Copeland série ZB38 (Emerson).​
• Puissance: 5 HP, triphasé 380–400 V (suivant version TFD-551 / -558).​
• Fluide: optimisé pour R404A (souvent aussi compatible R507A, parfois R134a selon la plaque).​
• Application: réfrigération à température moyenne (MBP / MHBP), vitrines réfrigérées, chambres froides positives, etc.​
• Déplacement volumétrique: environ 14,4 m³/h; puissance frigorifique autour de 7–11 kW selon conditions (Te/Tc).​

Signification de ton code:

• ZB38 = série de compresseurs scroll réfrigération Copeland, taille « 38 ».​
• 5HP = puissance moteur nominale.​
• R404 = fluide R404A prévu pour ce modèle.​
• MBP = utilisation en température moyenne (évaporation typique -10 °C à +5 °C pour chambres froides positives, conservateurs…).​

Si tu précises les conditions de travail (Te, Tc, sous-refroidissement, surchauffe), il est possible d’estimer la capacité frigorifique exacte et vérifier si ce compresseur est adapté à ta chambre froide ou ton évaporateur actuel.

In commercial refrigeration, the compressor is more than just a component; it is the engine that decides whether a cold room runs smoothly or becomes a constant source of service calls. The ZB38 5HP R404A MBP scroll compressor is one of those models that technicians encounter again and again in supermarkets, butcheries, bakeries and restaurant cold rooms. Its popularity comes from a balance of capacity, efficiency and robustness that fits the core needs of medium-temperature systems.

What ZB38 5HP R404A MBP Really Means

When technicians talk about “ZB38 5HP R404A MBP”, they are compressing a lot of technical information into a short code.

• ZB38: Indicates a scroll refrigeration compressor series and displacement class, typically around 5 HP in the manufacturer’s lineup.
• 5HP: The nominal motor power, placing it in the range commonly used for medium-sized cold rooms and supermarket display lines.
• R404A: The main refrigerant for which the compressor is optimized, historically a standard in commercial refrigeration despite ongoing phase-down discussions in many markets.
• MBP (Medium Back Pressure): Specifies that the compressor is designed for medium-temperature applications such as positive-temperature cold rooms, fresh products, dairy and beverages, rather than deep-freeze low-temperature duties.

This decoding matters because each part of the designation tells the technician where the compressor can work safely, which refrigerant is acceptable and what kind of evaporating temperatures the system can handle without pushing the compressor beyond its envelope.

Typical Applications in the Field

A 5HP R404A MBP scroll compressor naturally positions itself in the heart of medium-sized commercial installations.

• Cold rooms for fresh meat, fruits and vegetables, where evaporating temperatures often range roughly between −10∘C−10∘C and +5∘C+5∘C, depending on the product and humidity control strategy.
• Supermarket wall cases and island cabinets for dairy, delicatessen and beverages, where multiple evaporators may be connected to a single condensing unit based on the ZB38 platform.
• Food-service equipment in hotels, central kitchens and bakeries, where reliability and quick recovery after door openings are more important than extreme low temperatures.

In these contexts, the ZB38 class compressor offers enough capacity to manage a significant thermal load while remaining compact, which is crucial when equipment must fit on rooftops, balconies or tight machine rooms in dense urban environments.

Why Scroll Technology Dominates This Segment

Scroll compressors like the ZB38 have progressively replaced many traditional reciprocating models in MBP applications.

• Fewer moving parts reduce mechanical noise, vibration and wear, which in practice often means fewer mechanical failures and smoother operation.
• The continuous compression process delivers stable mass flow, improving evaporator performance and temperature control inside cold rooms and cabinets.
• The compact, hermetic construction simplifies installation, reduces the risk of leaks at mechanical joints and helps manufacturers build more compact condensing units.

For technicians, scrolls are often easier to handle: electrical connections are straightforward, and the absence of complex valve mechanisms or external crankcase components shortens installation and troubleshooting time when compared with older piston designs.

Key Operating Parameters Technicians Monitor

Working with a 5HP R404A MBP compressor requires attention to several practical parameters, even if the data sheet is not in hand.

• Evaporating temperature: Usually in the medium range, technicians watch suction pressure to ensure it stays within the recommended envelope, avoiding both overloading and poor oil return.
• Condensing temperature: Condenser cleanliness, ambient temperature and fan control directly impact discharge pressure, compressor current and overall energy consumption.
• Superheat and subcooling: Correct expansion valve setting and a stable liquid line temperature help prevent liquid slugging at start-up and maintain the right mass flow through the evaporator.

In practice, a well-adjusted system keeps the compressor within its design envelope during the hottest days of summer, which is often where installations in Mediterranean climates are pushed to their limits.

Installation and Start-Up Best Practices

Even the most robust compressor can fail prematurely if basic installation guidelines are ignored.

• Cleanliness: Piping must be brazed with nitrogen purging and thoroughly evacuated to remove moisture and contaminants that can degrade oil and valves.
• Oil management: Proper piping design, especially at the suction line and oil traps on vertical risers, ensures oil returns reliably to the compressor shell.
• Electrical checks: Before energizing, technicians confirm supply voltage, phase sequence and proper overload protection, including verification of contactor and breaker sizing.

A disciplined start-up procedure—monitoring pressures, temperatures and compressor current over the first hour—usually reveals whether the system is healthy or if there are hidden issues like undersized condensers or incorrect charge.

Maintenance and Diagnostic Considerations

In daily practice, maintenance teams use a few key indicators to assess the health of a scroll compressor like the ZB38.

• Noise and vibration: Changes in sound signature can announce mechanical damage, liquid return or severe gas under-cooling at the compressor.
• Discharge line temperature: Excessive discharge temperature often points to high condensing pressure, low refrigerant charge or poor suction gas cooling.
• Oil color and level (if visible through an indicator): Darkened or acidic oil is a clear warning that the system has experienced overheating or contamination, and that deeper corrective action is required.

Regular cleaning of condensers, checking fan operation and verifying that defrost cycles are effective in evaporators can significantly extend compressor life by keeping operating conditions within design limits.

Where This Technology Is Heading

Although R404A has long been the standard for MBP commercial applications, environmental regulations are pushing the market toward lower-GWP alternatives and redesigned compressors.
Manufacturers are gradually adapting similar 5HP scroll platforms to new blends with different pressures and glide characteristics, while technicians increasingly need to be familiar with multiple refrigerants and their specific charge and oil requirements.
For users and contractors, this transition highlights the importance of good documentation, training and practical feedback from the field—an area where communities of technicians, independent platforms such as mbsmgroup.tn and projects like mbsm.pro, mbsmgroup and mbsmpro.com can play a useful role in sharing real-world experience and solutions.

Suggested exclusive images for this topic (you can create or photograph them yourself):

• A close-up of a 5HP scroll compressor label showing model code, refrigerant and electrical data.
• A medium-temperature cold room condensing unit with the compressor, condenser and control box visible on a rooftop or service balcony.
• A technician’s hand holding clamp meter and manifold gauges connected to a running MBP R404A condensing unit.
• A clean, well-lit cold room interior with product on shelves, showing air coolers on the ceiling and neat piping.
• A side-by-side photo of a scroll compressor and an older reciprocating unit on a workshop floor, demonstrating the difference in size and design.