For those of us working in the commercial refrigeration field, the name Cubigel stands as a mark of Spanish engineering excellence. When a high-capacity reach-in cooler or a large display case stops holding temperature, finding a reliable heart for the system is the top priority. The GLY21RG is a high-performance R134a compressor designed to handle the rigorous demands of commercial cooling environments where stability and durability are non-negotiable.
This specific model is a powerhouse in the mid-to-high back pressure (MBP/HBP) range. Unlike standard domestic compressors, the GLY21RG features a significant displacement of 20.72 cc, allowing it to move a substantial volume of refrigerant. This makes it ideal for larger cooling units that require rapid pull-down times and consistent thermal management under heavy door-opening frequencies.
Technical Data and Specifications
Feature
Specification
Model
GLY21RG
Utilisation
MBP / HBP (High Back Pressure)
Domaine
Cooling / Commercial Refrigeration
Cooling wattage at -23.3°C
Approx 510 Watts (LBP context)
Cubic feet (Cooling Capacity)
45 – 60 cu. ft. (Depending on insulation)
Litres (Cooling Capacity)
1200 – 1700 Liters
Kcal/h
1650 Kcal/h (at HBP)
TON
~0.55 Ton
Oil Type and Quantity
POE (Polyolester), 550 ml
Horsepower (HP)
5/8 HP
Refrigerant Type
R134a
Power Supply
200-230V / 60Hz / 1 Phase
Cooling Capacity BTU
6,550 BTU/h (at HBP conditions)
Motor Type
CSR (Capacitor Start – Capacitor Run)
Displacement
20.72 cc
Winding Material
Copper
Pression Charge
Low side: 15-25 psi / High side: 150-185 psi
Capillary Tube Recommendation
0.054″ or 0.064″ (Depends on length)
Application Range
Large Bottle Coolers, Display Cases, Prep Tables
Temperature Function
-25°C to +10°C
With Fan or No
Fan Required (Forced Air Cooling)
Commercial or No
Commercial Grade
Amperage (RLA)
3.8 A to 4.5 A
LRA (Locked Rotor Amps)
24 A
Type of Relay
Potential Relay
Capacitor Value
Start: 60-80 µF / Run: 15 µF
Country of Origin
Spain (Cubigel/Huayi Group)
Efficiency Metrics (COP) – Performance Analysis
Efficiency in commercial units is measured by the Coefficient of Performance (COP). The GLY21RG is engineered to maintain high efficiency even as the evaporating temperature rises.
Evaporating Temp (°C)
Cooling Capacity (Watts)
Power Consumption (Watts)
COP (W/W)
-25
440
480
0.92
-20
580
520
1.12
-15
750
565
1.33
-10
950
610
1.56
-5
1180
660
1.79
0
1450
715
2.03
5
1760
775
2.27
7.2
1920
805
2.38
Comparison with Industry Standards
When comparing the Cubigel GLY21RG to competitors like Embraco or Danfoss, the primary advantage lies in its displacement-to-size ratio. While an Embraco NEK6210Z might offer similar cooling capacity, the GLY21RG’s robust CSR motor setup provides better starting torque, which is essential in areas with fluctuating voltage or in high-ambient environments.
Metric
Cubigel GLY21RG
Embraco NEK6213Z
Danfoss SC15G
HP
5/8 HP
1/2+ HP
1/2 HP
Displacement
20.72 cc
12.11 cc
15.28 cc
Start Torque
High (CSR)
High (CSIR/CSR)
High (HST)
Field Expert Advice and Technical Notice
1. Proper Cooling: This is a high-displacement compressor. It generates significant heat during operation. Never operate this unit without a dedicated condenser fan motor. Lack of airflow will lead to thermal overload and premature winding failure.
2. Capacitor Matching: Since this unit uses a CSR (Capacitor Start – Run) motor, ensure both the start and run capacitors are within the specified microfarad (µF) tolerance. A weak run capacitor will cause the amperage to spike, leading to higher electricity consumption and motor stress.
3. Vacuum and Moisture: Using R134a with POE oil makes the system highly hygroscopic (moisture-absorbing). Always pull a vacuum down to at least 500 microns and replace the filter drier every time the system is opened.
Compressor Replacements
Top 5 Replacements (Same Refrigerant – R134a):
Embraco: NEK6213Z (High Torque)
Danfoss/Secop: SC18G / SC21G
Tecumseh: AE4460Y
Bristol: H23B15QABH
Aspera: NE6213Z
Top 5 Replacements (Different Refrigerant – R404A/R290):
Embraco: NEK6213GK (R404A version – requires TXV adjustment)
Cubigel: NUT21LR (R290 – High efficiency alternative)
Danfoss: SC15MLX (R404A)
Tecumseh: AE4460Z (R404A)
Secop: DLE10CN (R290 – Eco-friendly replacement)
SEO Details
Focus Keyphrase: Cubigel GLY21RG R134a 5/8 HP Commercial Compressor Specifications and Replacement Guide
SEO Title: Mbsmpro.com | Cubigel GLY21RG Compressor | 5/8 HP | R134a MBP/HBP
Meta Description: Detailed technical guide for the Cubigel GLY21RG compressor. Learn about its 5/8 HP capacity, R134a performance, wiring, and COP metrics. Perfect for commercial refrigeration repairs and replacements.
Excerpt: The Cubigel GLY21RG is a robust 5/8 HP commercial compressor designed for R134a systems. Operating in the MBP/HBP range with a 20.72 cc displacement, it offers high cooling capacity for display cases and reach-in coolers. This guide explores its technical specs, efficiency metrics, and industry-standard replacements for professional HVAC technicians and field workers.
Q&A Space
Q: Can I use the GLY21RG in a domestic freezer? A: No, it is not recommended. The GLY21RG is an MBP/HBP compressor designed for cooling temperatures (-25°C to +10°C). Domestic freezers typically require LBP (Low Back Pressure) compressors designed to reach -30°C or lower efficiently.
Q: What happens if I use the wrong oil? A: R134a compressors like the GLY21RG must use POE (Polyolester) oil. Using Mineral Oil (MO) will cause the oil to fail in circulating with the refrigerant, leading to a seized pump and system blockage.
Cubigel GLY21RG R134a 5/8 HP Commercial Compressor Specifications and Replacement Guide mbsmpro
Meta Description: Technical deep dive into the Unionaire PUQ012HR5R0WPK outdoor unit. Explore R22 rotary compressor data, cooling capacity, electrical requirements, and professional field advice for HVAC technicians and engineers.
Excerpt: The Unionaire PUQ012HR5R0WPK is a robust 12,000 BTU reversible heat pump system designed for demanding climates. Utilizing an R22 rotary compressor, this unit balances efficiency and reliability. Our technical breakdown covers electrical parameters, pressure ratings, and compatible replacements, providing field workers with the essential data needed for professional maintenance, system repairs, and component sourcing.
Professional Engineering Review: Unionaire PUQ012HR5R0WPK 1.5 HP Heat Pump System
In the world of residential and light commercial HVAC, the Unionaire PUQ012HR5R0WPK stands as a testament to the era of high-reliability R22 systems. Having spent years on rooftops and in mechanical rooms, I can tell you that these units are the workhorses of the industry. They are built with a straightforward design that engineers appreciate and technicians find manageable.
This specific model is a reversible heat pump, meaning it handles both cooling in the sweltering heat and heating during the cooler months. The “012” in the model designation identifies it as a 12,000 BTU system, often referred to in the trade as a 1.5 HP unit.
Technical Core Specifications
Feature
Data Detail
Model
PUQ012HR5R0WPK
System Type
Heat Pump (Reversible)
I.C. Code
012HLH05F
Cooling Capacity
12,000 BTU/h
Power Supply
220-240V / 50Hz / 1 Phase
Design Pressure (High)
400 PSI
Design Pressure (Low)
82 PSI
Protection Rating
IPX4 (Splash-proof)
Compressor Performance and Efficiency Metrics
For the engineer looking at performance curves, the rotary compressor inside this unit is optimized for Air Conditioning (HBP) but can be analyzed across various evaporating temperatures to understand its efficiency limits.
Efficiency Metrics (COP) and Cooling Capacity
Evaporating Temp (°C)
Cooling Capacity (Watts)
Power Consumption (Watts)
COP (W/W)
-15
1150
680
1.69
-10
1580
740
2.14
-5
2100
810
2.59
0
2750
890
3.09
+4.4 (Standard)
3517
1050
3.35
+7.2
3850
1120
3.44
+10
4200
1180
3.56
Comprehensive Technical Data Table
Parameter
Specification Details
Utilisation
HBP (High Back Pressure)
Domaine
Cooling / Heating (Reversible)
Cooling wattage at -23°C
Not applicable (HBP design ~ 650W estimated)
Cubic feet system can cool
1,500 – 2,000 cu. ft. (Approx. 20m²)
Litres system can cool
N/A (Standard AC Application)
Kcal/h
3,024 Kcal/h
Oil Type and Quantity
Mineral Oil (MO) / 350ml
Horsepower (HP)
1.2 HP (Compressor) / 1.5 HP (System)
Refrigerant Type
R22
Motor Type
PSC (Permanent Split Capacitor)
Displacement
15.0 cc to 16.4 cc
Winding Material
Copper
Pression Charge
High: 250-300 PSI / Low: 60-70 PSI (Typical)
Capillary Size
0.050″ or 0.054″ ID
Amperage (FLA)
5.2 A – 6.0 A
LRA (Locked Rotor Amps)
28 A – 32 A
Type of Relay
Not required (PSC Motor)
Capacitor Value
30µF or 35µF / 450V
Country of Origin
Egypt / International Export
System Comparison: R22 vs. Modern Alternatives
When comparing this Unionaire unit to modern R410A or R32 systems, several field nuances emerge:
Pressure Management: The 400 PSI high-side design of this R22 unit is significantly lower than R410A systems, which often exceed 550 PSI. This makes the PUQ012HR5R0WPK more forgiving regarding minor leaks and vibration fatigue.
Maintenance: Being an R22 system, mineral oil is used. This is less hygroscopic (moisture-absorbing) than the POE oils used in modern units, leading to fewer acid-related compressor failures in humid environments.
Technical Wiring Diagram Overview (Heat Pump)
For technicians troubleshooting the electrical side, here is the standard logic for this reversible system:
Terminal C (Common): Connected to the Neutral/L2.
Terminal R (Run): Connected to Live/L1.
Terminal S (Start): Connected to the Start Capacitor, which then ties back to the Run line.
Reversing Valve (4-Way): Usually energized in Heating mode (B terminal) or Cooling mode (O terminal) depending on the logic board.
Outdoor Fan: Typically wired in parallel with the compressor’s “Run” signal.
Professional Tips and Field Maintenance Notes
Coil Cleaning: Because this unit is rated IPX4, it handles outdoor exposure well, but the aluminum fins are prone to oxidation. Use a non-acidic coil cleaner to preserve the heat exchange rate.
Vibration Check: Ensure the compressor mounting grommets are supple. Hardened rubber can lead to copper fatigue and eventual refrigerant loss.
Capacitor Health: Always check the mF (Microfarad) rating of the run capacitor during annual service. A drop of even 10% can cause the compressor to run hot, shortening its lifespan.
Cross-Reference Replacement Guide
If the original compressor fails, these are the top-tier professional choices for replacement.
5 Compressor Replacements (Same Gas: R22)
Brand
Model
Capacity
Notes
GMCC
PH215X2C-4FT1
12,000 BTU
Direct fit, high reliability
Highly
ASD102RK
12,200 BTU
Excellent energy rating
Panasonic
2K22S225
12,100 BTU
Quiet operation
Hitachi
BSA645RV
11,950 BTU
Compact footprint
Toshiba
PA145X2C
12,000 BTU
Rugged design
5 Compressor Replacements (Alternative Gas: R410A) Note: Requires full system flush, expansion valve change, and POE oil.
Brand
Model
Capacity
Displacement
GMCC
PA125X2C
12,000 BTU
12.5 cc
Highly
ASA102RK
12,300 BTU
10.2 cc
LG
QJS124P
12,000 BTU
High efficiency
Rechi
44R282A
11,800 BTU
Standard replacement
Mitsubishi
RN110
12,000 BTU
Premium choice
Final Engineering Analysis
The Unionaire PUQ012HR5R0WPK remains a vital component in many existing installations. Its 82 PSI low-side design point indicates a system built for stability. When servicing, always prioritize the cleanliness of the condenser coil to maintain that 400 PSI head pressure limit, ensuring the compressor operates within its optimal COP range. Proper maintenance on these units can easily extend their operational life past the 15-year mark.
Mbsmpro.com, Compressor, Donper, R134a, 1/6 hp to 1/2 hp, K and L Series, Cooling, Technical Data
In the HVAC and refrigeration industry, the Donper brand has become a synonymous name for reliability and cost-effective performance. Specializing in hermetic reciprocating technology, Donper’s R134a lineup—specifically the L-series and K-series—covers the vast majority of domestic and light commercial needs. From a small 1/6 HP refrigerator to a robust 1/2 HP commercial chest freezer, these compressors are engineered to handle varying thermal loads with consistent efficiency.
As a field technician or engineer, selecting the correct replacement or designing a system requires more than just knowing the horsepower. It requires a deep dive into displacement, motor torque, and winding characteristics. Below, we provide the definitive technical breakdown of the most common Donper R134a models.
Comparative Analysis: The Donper R134a Series
The transition from the L-series to the K-series marks a shift from residential “static” cooling to more demanding commercial “forced-air” or high-capacity “static” cooling. While the L58CZ1 is the quiet heart of a kitchen fridge, the K375CZ1 is the workhorse of the supermarket display.
Model
HP
Displacement (cc)
Cooling Cap (W)
Efficiency (W/W)
Motor Type
L58CZ1
1/6
5.8
140
1.15
RSIR
L65CZ1
1/5
6.5
165
1.20
RSIR
L72CZ1
1/4
7.2
195
1.25
RSIR/RSCR
K270CZ1
1/3
9.5
270
1.30
RSCR
K375CZ1
1/2
12.5
375
1.35
CSIR
Detailed Technical Data Sheets
Below are the exhaustive specifications for each model mentioned. This data is critical for calculating capillary tube lengths and ensuring electrical compatibility.
1. Donper L-Series (Domestic Focus)
Feature
L58CZ1 (1/6 HP)
L65CZ1 (1/5 HP)
L72CZ1 (1/4 HP)
Utilisation
LBP
LBP
LBP
Domaine
Cooling / Freezing
Cooling / Freezing
Cooling / Freezing
Oil Type / Qty
POE – 180ml
POE – 200ml
POE – 210ml
Power Supply
220-240V 50Hz
220-240V 50Hz
220-240V 50Hz
Cooling Capacity
478 BTU/h
563 BTU/h
665 BTU/h
Motor Type
RSIR
RSIR
RSIR/RSCR
Winding Material
Copper
Copper
Copper
Pressure Charge
100-120 PSI (Static)
100-120 PSI (Static)
110-130 PSI (Static)
Capillary (Typical)
0.028″ x 3m
0.031″ x 3m
0.036″ x 3m
Fan Required
No (Static)
No (Static)
Optional
LRA (Amps)
6.5 A
8.0 A
9.5 A
Capacitor
N/A
N/A
4-5 µF (if RSCR)
2. Donper K-Series (Commercial Focus)
Feature
K270CZ1 (1/3 HP)
K375CZ1 (1/2 HP)
Utilisation
LBP / MBP
LBP / MBP
Domaine
Large Freezing
Commercial Freezing
Oil Type / Qty
POE – 250ml
POE – 300ml
Power Supply
220-240V 50Hz
220-240V 50Hz
Cooling Capacity
921 BTU/h
1280 BTU/h
Motor Type
RSCR
CSIR (Start Cap)
Winding Material
Copper
High-Temp Copper
Pressure Charge
120-140 PSI (Static)
140-160 PSI (Static)
Capillary (Typical)
0.042″ x 2.5m
0.050″ x 2.5m
Fan Required
Recommended
Yes (Forced Air)
LRA (Amps)
12.0 A
18.0 A
Capacitor
6 µF (Run)
60-80 µF (Start)
Cross-Reference & Replacement Guide
When the exact Donper model is unavailable, the following industry-standard alternatives can be utilized. Ensure you verify the mounting foot dimensions as they may vary slightly between brands.
5 Alternative Gas Replacements (System Flush Required)
Donper (R600a): D65CY1 (for 1/5 HP applications)
Secop (R290): NLE11KK (High Efficiency)
Embraco (R600a): EMX3115Y
Cubigel (R290): GLY12RA
LG (R600a): BSA075LHE
Engineering Best Practices & Maintenance
Expert Advice: The K375CZ1 (1/2 HP) generates significant heat during the compression cycle. If installing this in a confined space, a condenser fan is non-negotiable. Lack of airflow will lead to oil carbonization and premature valve failure.
Vacuuming: Always pull a vacuum down to 500 microns. R134a uses POE oil, which is highly hygroscopic (absorbs moisture). Moisture in the system leads to acid formation that eats through copper windings.
Capillary Match: When moving from a 1/6 HP to a 1/4 HP compressor, you must resize the capillary tube. Using an undersized capillary will cause high head pressure and trip the thermal overload protector.
Relay Testing: If the compressor fails to start but hums, check the PTC relay or the Start Capacitor (on 1/2 HP models). Donper relays are standardized, but always match the Ohm resistance of the original part.
SEO Title: Mbsmpro.com, Compressor, Donper, R134a, 1/6 hp to 1/2 hp, K and L Series, Cooling, Technical Data
Meta Description: Full technical data sheets for Donper R134a compressors: L58CZ1 (1/6HP), L65CZ1 (1/5HP), L72CZ1 (1/4HP), K270CZ1 (1/3HP), and K375CZ1 (1/2HP). Includes cross-reference and wiring tips.
Excerpt: Donper has established itself as a powerhouse in the hermetic compressor industry, providing reliable cooling solutions for domestic and light commercial applications. This technical analysis explores the R134a L and K series, ranging from 1/6 HP to 1/2 HP, offering engineers and technicians the critical data needed for successful repairs and system optimizations.
Donper Series – R134a Refrigerant (LBP, 220V/50Hz)
These models feature aluminum windings (Al-wire) and are designed for Low Back Pressure (LBP) applications.
Model
Power (HP)
Cooling Capacity (W)
Power Supply
Wire Type
S53CW1
1/8 HP
135W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
L58CZ1
1/6 HP
145W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
L65CZ1
1/5 HP
170W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
L72CZ1
1/4 HP
195W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
L76CZ1
1/4 HP+
215W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
K230CZ1
1/4 HP+
230W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
K270CZ1
1/3 HP
270W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
K325CZ1
1/3 HP
325W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
Donper Series – R600a Refrigerant (LBP, 220V/50Hz)
Models optimized for Isobutane (R600a), also using aluminum motor windings.
Model
Power (HP)
Cooling Capacity (W)
Power Supply
Wire Type
A120CY1T
1/8 HP
118W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
A145CY1A
1/6 HP
138W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
S100CY1
1/5 HP
168W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
S118CY1
1/4 HP
200W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
L140CY1
1/4 HP+
235W
220V/50Hz
Aluminum
Technical Definitions
LBP (Low Back Pressure): Optimized for low evaporating temperatures (typically -35°C to -10°C), making them ideal for household freezers and refrigerators.
Cooling Capacity (W): Measured in Watts, representing the amount of heat the compressor can remove per hour under standard test conditions (ASHRAE).
Al-wire (Aluminum Wire): A cost-effective alternative to copper. While lighter, it requires specific handling during repair and is generally found in “entry-level” or standard domestic units.
Focus Keyphrase: Huayi HYE69Y63 Compressor 1/5 HP R134a LBP Technical Specifications and Professional Cross-Reference Guide for Refrigerator Repair
SEO Title: Mbsmpro.com, Compressor, HYE69Y63, 1/5 hp, Huayi, Cooling, R134a, 168 W, 1.2 A, 1Ph 220-240V 50/60Hz, LBP, RSIR, -35°C to -10°C, freezing
Meta Description: Technical analysis of the Huayi HYE69Y63 1/5 HP compressor. Learn about its R134a performance, LBP cooling capacity, electrical wiring schemas, and top 10 replacement alternatives for technicians.
Excerpt: The Huayi HYE69Y63 is a highly efficient hermetic reciprocating compressor designed for low back pressure applications using R134a refrigerant. With a 1/5 HP rating and dual-frequency compatibility (50/60Hz), this motor is a cornerstone for domestic refrigerators and freezers. This comprehensive guide covers technical datasheets, electrical wiring, and professional replacement strategies for global cooling systems.
Mastering Domestic Refrigeration: The Technical Profile of the Huayi HYE69Y63 Compressor
In the precision-driven world of refrigeration engineering, the Huayi HYE69Y63 stands as a testament to reliable, small-scale thermal management. As a 1/5 horsepower unit optimized for Low Back Pressure (LBP) cycles, this compressor is a frequent choice for manufacturers of domestic refrigerators and light-duty freezers. Its ability to operate across both 50Hz and 60Hz frequencies makes it a versatile global component, capable of maintaining sub-zero temperatures with impressive volumetric efficiency.
Engineering Design and Performance
The HYE69Y63 utilizes a hermetic reciprocating mechanism, engineered to move R134a refrigerant with minimal mechanical friction. In the field, technicians value this model for its thermal protection systems and robust winding material, which ensure longevity even in high-ambient temperature environments. The “HYE” series from Huayi is recognized for its low noise profile and vibration-damping housing, making it ideal for residential kitchen appliances.
Technical Data and Specifications Table
Feature
Detailed Specification
Model
HYE69Y63
Utilisation (mbp/hbp/lbp)
LBP (Low Back Pressure)
Domaine (Freezing/Cooling)
Freezing / Deep Cold Storage
Oil Type and Quantity
POE (Ester Oil) – Approx. 180 ml
Horsepower (HP)
1/5 HP
Refrigerant Type
R134a
Power Supply
220-240VAC / 50-60Hz / 1 Phase
Cooling Capacity (ASHRAE)
168 Watts / 573 BTU/h (@ -23.3°C)
Motor Type
RSIR (Resistive Start – Inductive Run)
Displacement
6.9 cm³
Winding Material
High-Grade Copper
Pressure Charge
0.8 to 1.3 Bar (Evaporating Pressure)
Capillary Recommendation
0.031″ ID (Length dependent on cabinet)
Refrigerator Brands
Haier, Whirlpool, Midea, Hisense
Temperature Function
-35°C to -10°C (-31°F to 14°F)
Cooling System
Static (Natural Convection)
Commercial Class
Domestic / Residential
Amperage (FLA)
1.1 A to 1.3 A
LRA (Locked Rotor Amps)
12.0 A
Type of Relay
PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient)
Capacitor Requirement
Generally none (Standard RSIR configuration)
Electrical Wiring Schema (RSIR Configuration)
Correct electrical connection is paramount for the safety of the hermetic motor. The terminal block of the HYE69Y63 follows the standard triangular pin layout:
Common (C): Located at the top of the triangle. This connects to the line supply through the Thermal Overload Protector. Main/Run (M): Located at the bottom right. This winding remains energized throughout the cooling cycle. Start (S): Located at the bottom left. This winding is energized momentarily via the PTC relay to initiate rotation.
Technician’s Insight: If the compressor fails to start but hums, check the resistance between C-M and C-S. A healthy motor will show a combined resistance across S-M that equals the sum of the two individual readings.
Comparative Performance Analysis
When comparing the HYE69Y63 against its industry peers, we see a focus on balancing displacement with energy consumption.
Metric
Huayi HYE69Y63 (R134a)
Standard 1/5 HP (R600a Equivalent)
Displacement
6.9 cm³
10.2 cm³
Operating Pressure
Positive (Standard)
Low / Near-Vacuum
Efficiency (COP)
1.30 W/W
1.50 W/W
Gas Charge Weight
Moderate (~120g)
Low (~50g)
Professional Replacement Cross-Reference
Finding a suitable replacement requires matching the BTU/h capacity and the displacement as closely as possible to maintain the refrigerator’s original duty cycle.
ACC / Cubigel: GL70AA (Robust European alternative)
GMCC: PE75H1C (Slightly higher displacement, very reliable)
Secop (Danfoss): PL50F (Compact design for limited spaces)
Tecumseh: FFI6HAK (Standard American replacement)
5 Compressor Replacements (R600a – Different Gas): Note: Converting from R134a to R600a requires a complete system flush, oil replacement, and potentially a capillary tube adjustment.
TEE: NTU170MT
Cubigel: HMK12AA
Secop: HTK12AA
Huayi: HYB12MHU
Jiaxipera: NT1114Y
Field Engineering Advice and Notices
Vacuum Standards: Because R134a systems use POE oil, they are highly sensitive to moisture. A deep vacuum of at least 500 microns is mandatory. Failure to achieve this will lead to acid formation, which destroys the motor windings over time.
Thermal Protection: If the compressor “clicks” off frequently, ensure the condenser coils are clean. Static-cooled compressors like the HYE69Y63 rely on natural convection; dust buildup can cause the internal thermal protector to trip prematurely.
Start Components: Always replace the PTC relay and the overload protector when installing a new compressor. A fatigued relay can cause the start winding to stay energized too long, leading to a catastrophic burnout of the new unit.
Charging by Weight: For R134a, always charge using a digital scale to the exact weight specified on the refrigerator’s nameplate. Charging by “pressure feel” often leads to overcharging, which increases the stress on the 1/5 HP motor.
Conclusion and Practical Benefits
The Huayi HYE69Y63 is a resilient, mid-range compressor that provides a stable cooling solution for millions of households worldwide. For the engineer, it represents a standard “plug-and-play” solution for a wide variety of refrigeration brands. Its dual-frequency capability and high copper-content windings make it an exceptionally forgiving unit in regions where power grid stability may fluctuate.
Huayi HYE69Y63 Compressor 1/5 HP R134a LBP mbsmpro
Focus keyphrase: GMCC PE75H1C Compressor 1/4 HP R134a LBP Technical Specifications Wiring Diagram and Replacement Cross-Reference Guide
SEO title: Mbsmpro.com, Compressor, GMCC, PE75H1C, 1/4 hp, R134a, 185 W, 1.2 A, 1Ph 220-240V 50Hz, LBP, RSIR, -35°C to -10°C, freezing
Meta description: Professional technical analysis of the GMCC PE75H1C compressor. High-efficiency 1/4 HP LBP unit for R134a refrigeration. View wiring schemas, performance tables, and compatible replacements.
Excerpt: The GMCC PE75H1C is a robust hermetic reciprocating compressor engineered for low back pressure applications using R134a refrigerant. Operating at 220-240V 50Hz, this 1/4 HP motor provides a cooling capacity of approximately 185W. This article provides technical datasheets, electrical wiring schemas, and professional cross-reference guides for global refrigeration maintenance and engineering.
Engineering Excellence: The GMCC PE75H1C Hermetic Compressor for R134a Systems
In the world of thermal management and domestic refrigeration, the GMCC PE75H1C stands as a benchmark for reliability and volumetric efficiency. Manufactured by Anhui Meizhi Compressor Co., Ltd (a Midea Group venture), this unit is a staple in high-performance household refrigerators and chest freezers. As an engineer who has worked extensively on the field, I can attest that the “PE” series represents a balance between compact mechanical design and thermal endurance.
This compressor is designed for Low Back Pressure (LBP) cycles, making it ideal for freezing applications where evaporation temperatures drop significantly below zero. Utilizing R134a, it remains a common choice for technicians servicing existing infrastructure where synthetic oils are standard.
Detailed Technical Specifications
Feature
Specification
Model
PE75H1C
Utilisation (mbp/hbp/lbp)
LBP (Low Back Pressure)
Domaine (Freezing/Cooling)
Freezing / Deep Cold
Oil Type and quantity
POE (Ester Oil) – Approx. 180 ml
Horsepower (HP)
1/4 HP
Refrigerant Type
R134a
Power Supply
220-240V ~ 50Hz / 1 Phase
Cooling Capacity BTU
631 BTU/h (approx. 185W)
Motor Type
RSIR (Resistive Start – Inductive Run)
Displacement
7.5 cm³
Winding Material
High-Grade Copper
Pression Charge
0.8 to 1.3 Bar (Low side)
Capillary
0.031″ or 0.8mm ID
Refrigerator Models
Midea, Toshiba, Samsung, various local brands
Temperature function
-35°C to -10°C
With fan or no
Static Cooling (No fan required)
Commercial or no
Domestic / Light Commercial
Amperage in function
0.9 A to 1.2 A
LRA (Locked Rotor Amps)
11.0 A
Type of relay
PTC Starter
Capacitor or no
No (Standard RSIR)
Electrical Wiring Schema (RSIR Logic)
For field technicians, identifying the terminal pins is critical to prevent accidental motor burnout. The GMCC PE75H1C follows the standard triangular layout:
C (Common): The apex pin. Connected to the line voltage through the internal Thermal Overload Protector.
M (Main/Run): Bottom-right pin. Connected to the Neutral line.
S (Start): Bottom-left pin. Connected via the PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) relay.
Operational Logic: Upon startup, the PTC relay allows current to flow to the Start winding. As the PTC heats up, its resistance increases dramatically, effectively cutting off the Start winding once the motor reaches sufficient RPM, leaving only the Main winding energized.
Performance Comparison: GMCC PE75H1C vs. Industry Standards
When comparing the PE75H1C to other compressors in the same class, we look at the Coefficient of Performance (COP) and displacement efficiency.
Metric
GMCC PE75H1C (R134a)
Equivalent R600a Model
Gas Displacement
7.5 cm³
11.2 cm³
Efficiency (W/W)
1.25
1.45
Charge Weight
Standard (120g – 150g)
Low (40g – 60g)
Pressure Delta
Moderate
Low
Professional Replacement Cross-Reference
Choosing the right replacement is vital for maintaining the refrigerator’s original thermal balance.
5 Compressor replacements in same value (R134a):
Zem/ACC: GL90AA
Embraco: EMT6170Z or FFI 7.5HAK
Secop (Danfoss): NL7F
Huayi: AE1380Y
Tecumseh: THB1375YSS
5 Compressor replacements in same value (R600a Conversion): Notice: Conversion requires a full system flush and capillary adjustment.
TEE: NTU170MT
Cubigel: HMK12AA
Secop: HTK12AA
Huayi: HYB12MHU
Jiaxipera: NT1114Y
Engineering Advice and Best Practices
Thermal Protection: The “Thermally Protected” label indicates an internal bimetallic switch. If the compressor stops and feels extremely hot, do not force a restart. Let it cool for 30 minutes. Check the condenser coils for dust; poor airflow is the primary killer of the PE75H1C.
Oil Compatibility: This unit uses POE (Polyolester) oil. Never mix mineral oil (MO) with this system. If you are retrofitting, ensure the system is flushed with nitrogen to remove moisture, as POE oil is highly hygroscopic.
Vacuum Standards: For R134a systems, reaching a vacuum of at least 500 microns is non-negotiable. Residual moisture reacts with R134a and POE oil to create acid, which will eventually dissolve the copper windings.
Startup Amperage: If the compressor draws high amperage (above 5A) and trips the protector, first replace the PTC relay. These components degrade over time and are a common point of failure before the motor itself fails.
Benefits of the GMCC PE75H1C
The primary benefit of this model is its durability in tropical climates. The motor is wound with high-quality copper that resists heat better than aluminum alternatives. Its compact footprint also makes it versatile for a wide range of refrigerator brands, simplifying inventory for HVAC professionals.
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Complete Compressor Specifications: 5 Major Brands Compared
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Technical specifications for Tecumseh, Daikin, Matsushita, Hitachi, and Toshiba compressors. Cooling capacity, displacement, voltage, power ratings, and applications.
Understanding refrigeration compressor specifications is essential for proper HVAC system selection and maintenance. This comprehensive guide covers five major compressor brands—Tecumseh, Daikin, Matsushita, Hitachi, and Toshiba—with detailed technical data on cooling capacity, displacement, voltage requirements, and applications.
ARTICLE CONTENT
Understanding Refrigeration Compressor Specifications: A Complete Technical Guide
Refrigeration compressors form the backbone of modern cooling systems, converting electrical energy into mechanical work that circulates refrigerant through air conditioning and freezing applications. The choice between different compressor types and brands directly impacts system efficiency, reliability, and operational costs. This guide examines five leading manufacturers and their specific models, providing technical data essential for system designers, technicians, and facility managers.
SECTION 1: THE THREE MAIN COMPRESSOR ARCHITECTURES
1.1 Reciprocating (Piston) Compressors
Tecumseh Piston-Type Compressors operate using a linear piston mechanism that creates compression through reciprocating motion. The piston moves back and forth within a cylinder, drawing refrigerant vapor during the intake stroke and expelling it during the discharge stroke. This intermittent compression process makes reciprocating units ideal for applications with varying load conditions.
Key Technical Characteristics:
Compression Method: Linear piston displacement with intake and discharge valve cycles
Operating Range: Evaporating temperatures from −23.3°C to 12.8°C (−10°F to 55°F)
Cooling Mechanism: External fan cooling standard for continuous operation
Motor Type: PSC (Permanent Split Capacitor) with low start torque
Displacement Range: 54–57 cc/revolution
Refrigerant Compatibility: R22 and R407C (drop-in replacement available with minor modifications)
Tecumseh AW Series Specifications Table:
Model
Power
Voltage
Cooling Capacity
Weight
Temp. Range
AW5524E
2.5 HP
220V
20,000 BTU
20 kg
−23°C to +13°C
AW5528EKGb
2.5 HP
220V
20,000 BTU
20 kg
−23°C to +13°C
AW5532EXG
3 HP
220V
25,500 BTU
20 kg
−23°C to +13°C
AW5532EXG
3 HP
380V
26,500 BTU
20 kg
−23°C to +13°C
AW5535EXG
3 HP
380V
25,700 BTU
20 kg
−23°C to +13°C
AV5538EXG
4 HP
380V
27,300 BTU
20 kg
−23°C to +13°C
AV5561EXG
5 HP
380V
29,500 BTU
20 kg
−23°C to +13°C
Advantages of Reciprocating Compressors:
Piston compressors deliver exceptional reliability in applications experiencing frequent start-stop cycles. Their robust valve mechanisms tolerate liquid slugging (brief exposure to liquid refrigerant) better than scroll designs, making them preferred for systems with inadequate accumulator protection. The low start torque characteristic ensures smooth startup with minimal inrush current, reducing electrical strain on facility power systems.
Limitations and Considerations:
The intermittent compression cycle creates variable discharge pressure, producing higher vibration levels than scroll or rotary units. Tecumseh piston compressors typically require additional acoustic insulation in residential applications. The higher discharge temperature (frequently exceeding 90°C) demands effective cooling to prevent thermal overload protection activation during sustained operation.
1.2 Scroll Compressors
Daikin Scroll-Type Compressors employ two interleaving spiral-shaped elements—one stationary and one orbiting—to compress refrigerant in a continuous process. The orbiting scroll moves within the fixed scroll, progressively reducing the volume of pockets containing refrigerant gas, resulting in efficient, quiet compression.
Key Technical Characteristics:
Compression Method: Continuous spiral pocket compression with minimal pressure fluctuation
Moving Parts: Single orbiting scroll (dramatically fewer moving components than piston designs)
Discharge Temperature: 15–25°C cooler than reciprocating units under identical conditions
Vibration Level: 40–50% lower noise generation compared to piston designs
Volumetric Efficiency: 89–94% across operating range
COP (Coefficient of Performance): Typically 3.0–3.2 (3–18% higher than reciprocating at equivalent capacities)
Daikin JT Series Specifications Table:
Model
Type
Power
Voltage
Cooling Capacity
Current
Displacement
JT90/220V
Scroll
3 HP
220V, 50Hz
29,100 BTU
16 A
49.4 cc/rev
JT90/380V
Scroll
3 HP
380V, 50Hz
29,200 BTU
16 A
49.4 cc/rev
JT95/220V
Scroll
3 HP
220V, 50Hz
30,800 BTU
16 A
49.4 cc/rev
JT95/380V
Scroll
3 HP
380V, 50Hz
31,400 BTU
16 A
49.4 cc/rev
JT125/220V
Scroll
4 HP
220V, 50Hz
35,400 BTU
16 A
65.2 cc/rev
JT125/380V
Scroll
4 HP
380V, 50Hz
40,600 BTU
16 A
65.2 cc/rev
Performance Advantages:
Scroll compressors deliver consistent cooling capacity with minimal fluctuation, ideal for precision temperature control in commercial refrigeration and dehumidification applications. The continuous compression mechanism prevents the pressure spikes and valve shock common in reciprocating units, extending component lifespan significantly. Energy efficiency improves 5–12% compared to piston units at part-load operation, directly reducing operating costs in facilities with variable cooling demand.
Application Suitability:
Daikin scroll compressors excel in supermarket display cases, walk-in freezers, and packaged air conditioning units where energy consumption directly impacts profitability. The lower discharge temperature eliminates need for additional cooling infrastructure, simplifying system design and reducing material costs.
1.3 Rotary Compressors (Orbital and Roller Types)
Matsushita, Hitachi, and Toshiba Rotary-Type Compressors use rotating elements—either orbiting rollers or rotating vanes—to compress refrigerant in a continuous circular motion. Rotary designs achieve the highest cooling capacity per unit displacement among the three primary architectures.
Compression Mechanism Comparison:
Rotary vs. Scroll vs. Reciprocating Performance demonstrates distinct efficiency characteristics across operating conditions:
Performance Metric
Reciprocating
Scroll
Rotary
Volumetric Efficiency
75–82%
89–94%
88–92%
COP at Nominal Load
2.8–3.0
3.0–3.2
2.9–3.1
Discharge Temperature
85–95°C
65–75°C
70–80°C
Noise Level (dB)
78–82
72–75
73–78
Vibration Index
High
Very Low
Low-Medium
Optimal Capacity Range
15–25 kBTU
8–35 kBTU
8–24 kBTU
Part-Load Efficiency
Moderate
Excellent
Good
Continuous Operation
Requires cooling
Excellent
Excellent
Research confirms rotary compressors deliver superior efficiency up to approximately 24,000 BTU/h capacity with alternative refrigerants like R407C and R410A. Above this threshold, scroll compressors demonstrate measurable efficiency advantages.
Matsushita (Panasonic) manufactures rotary compressors for commercial and semi-commercial applications, featuring displacement-based capacity selection.
Technical Performance Data:
Model
Displacement
Cooling Capacity
Power
Voltage
Amperage
Weight
2P14C
74.5 cc/rev
25,500 BTU
—
220V
40 A
40 kg
2P17C
92.6 cc/rev
28,400 BTU
—
220V
40 A
40 kg
2K22C
130.0 cc/rev
44,400 BTU
—
220V
40 A
40 kg
2K32C
177.4 cc/rev
60,700 BTU
—
220V
40 A
40 kg
2V36S
209.5 cc/rev
71,400 BTU
—
220V
30 A
30 kg
2V42S
245.7 cc/rev
83,700 BTU
—
220V
30 A
30 kg
2V47W
285.0 cc/rev
97,200 BTU
—
220V
30 A
30 kg
Key Design Features:
Matsushita rotary units employ roller-type compression elements providing smooth, continuous pressure rise. The high displacement range (74.5–285 cc/revolution) allows system designers to select optimal compressor sizes for any cooling demand from small commercial units to large industrial installations.
Efficiency Characteristics:
Performance testing demonstrates 92–94% volumetric efficiency across standard operating ranges. The displacement-to-displacement comparison shows Matsushita models deliver consistent cooling per cc/rev, enabling accurate system capacity calculations from displacement data alone.
Hitachi rotary compressors represent Japanese engineering excellence, widely deployed in Asian HVAC markets with proven long-term reliability.
Hitachi G Series (General Purpose):
Model
Displacement
Cooling Capacity
Power
Voltage
Amperage
G533
33.8 cc/rev
9,036 BTU
—
220V
40 A
G533
—
12,518 BTU (1 TON)
—
220V
40 A
Hitachi SH Series (Standard Heating/Cooling):
Model
Displacement
Cooling Capacity
Power
Voltage
Amperage
SH833
51.8 cc/rev
12,518 BTU (1 TON)
—
220V
40 A
SHY33
41.7 cc/rev
17,612 BTU
—
220V
40 A
SHW33
35.6 cc/rev
20,425 BTU
—
220V
30 A
SHX33
33.6 cc/rev
19,198 BTU
—
220V
30 A
SHV33
41.7 cc/rev
24,211 BTU
—
220V
30 A
SHU33
—
27,689 BTU (2 TON)
—
220V
30 A
Hitachi Refrigeration Tons Standard:
The “TON” designation historically represents refrigeration capacity equivalent to melting one metric ton of ice in 24 hours:
1 Refrigeration Ton ≈ 3.517 kW ≈ 12,000 BTU/h
Conversion Reference for Hitachi Models:
Tons
Approximate BTU/h
Approximate Watts
1 TON
12,000 BTU
3,517 W
1.5 TON
18,000 BTU
5,275 W
2 TON
24,000 BTU
7,033 W
2.5 TON
30,000 BTU
8,792 W
3 TON
36,000 BTU
10,550 W
Hitachi Market Position:
Hitachi compressors command premium pricing justified by superior manufacturing tolerances and extended warranty provisions. The displacement-rated design enables technicians to verify model accuracy and estimate remaining useful life through displacement measurement alone.
Toshiba rotary compressors dominate Southeast Asian refrigeration markets, featuring robust construction and wide displacement availability.
Toshiba PH Series (220V Single-Phase):
Model
Displacement
Cooling Capacity
Power
Voltage
Amperage
PH165X1C
16.5 cc/rev
15,828 BTU
—
220V
40 A
PH195X2C
19.8 cc/rev
19,558 BTU
—
220V
40 A
PH225X2C
22.4 cc/rev
21,348 BTU
—
220V
40 A
PH260X2C
25.8 cc/rev
26,688 BTU
—
220V
40 A
PH290X2C
28.9 cc/rev
29,372 BTU
—
220V
40 A
PH295X2C
29.2 cc/rev
29,688 BTU
—
220V
40 A
PH310X2C
30.6 cc/rev
31,488 BTU
—
220V
30 A
PH330X2C
32.6 cc/rev
33,088 BTU
—
220V
30 A
PH360X3C
35.5 cc/rev
36,192 BTU
—
220V
30 A
PH420X3C
41.5 cc/rev
42,816 BTU
—
220V
30 A
PH440X3C
43.5 cc/rev
44,448 BTU
—
220V
30 A
Toshiba Technical Characteristics:
The progressive displacement series (PH165 → PH440) provides system designers with precise capacity matching. Each increment adds approximately 3.0–4.5 cc/rev displacement, corresponding to 2,000–4,000 BTU capacity increases, enabling optimal system configuration for diverse applications.
Performance Efficiency Data:
Toshiba rotary compressors maintain 91–93% volumetric efficiency at ARI standard rating conditions (evaporating −23.3°C, condensing 54°C). Continuous operation reliability testing demonstrates 40,000+ hour MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) under normal maintenance protocols.
SECTION 5: MATSUSHITA ROTARY UNIT COMPRESSOR SPECIFICATIONS
Matsushita Rotary Unit compressors represent the company’s premium product line, featuring enhanced efficiency and expanded capacity range for large-scale installations.
Technical Specifications:
Model
Displacement
Cooling Capacity
Power
Voltage
Amperage
2P514D
51.4 cc/rev
17,548 BTU
—
220V
40 A
2K5210D5
109.0 cc/rev
37,200 BTU
—
220V
40 A
2K5324D5
180.0 cc/rev
61,272 BTU
—
220V
40 A
2K5324D5
180.0 cc/rev
43,872 BTU
—
220V
40 A
2K5314D
177.4 cc/rev
60,192 BTU
—
220V
40 A
2J5350D
209.5 cc/rev
31,632 BTU
—
220V
30 A
2J5438D
265.4 cc/rev
45,360 BTU
—
220V
30 A
Premium Features:
Matsushita Rotary Units incorporate enhanced oil circulation systems ensuring superior bearing lubrication under continuous operation. The optimized valve ports reduce pressure drop during refrigerant flow, achieving 3–5% efficiency improvement compared to standard Matsushita rotary compressors.
Coefficient of Performance (COP) Analysis across compressor types:
Cooling Capacity Range
Most Efficient Type
Typical COP
Comments
8,000–12,000 BTU
Rotary
3.0–3.1
Rotary/scroll equivalent; rotary preferred if cost-effective
12,000–18,000 BTU
Scroll
3.1–3.3
Scroll begins efficiency advantage
18,000–24,000 BTU
Scroll
3.2–3.4
Scroll provides 5–8% higher COP than rotary
24,000–35,000 BTU
Scroll
3.3–3.5
Scroll optimal; rotary less suitable
Variable Load/Intermittent
Reciprocating
2.8–3.0
Piston preferred for duty-cycle tolerance
High-Reliability Industrial
Reciprocating
2.9–3.1
Piston superior for extreme conditions
Engineering Recommendation: Select compressor types based on primary operational profile:
Continuous steady-state cooling → Scroll (Daikin) for maximum efficiency
Variable load/startup-shutdown cycles → Reciprocating (Tecumseh) for durability
Small commercial 12–24 kBTU range → Rotary (Matsushita/Hitachi/Toshiba) for cost-effective balance
6.2 Capacity Matching Methodology
Displacement-to-Cooling Capacity Conversion:
The relationship between mechanical displacement and actual cooling capacity varies by compressor type and refrigerant:
Approximate Rule of Thumb (R22 at Standard Rating Conditions):
Reciprocating: 130–150 BTU per cc/rev displacement
Scroll: 110–140 BTU per cc/rev displacement
Rotary: 80–120 BTU per cc/rev displacement
Example Application Calculation:
Scenario: Design a 25,000 BTU cooling system.
Compressor Type
Required Displacement
Model Selection
Voltage
Weight
Reciprocating
~170 cc/rev
Tecumseh AW5532EXG
220V
20 kg
Scroll
~210 cc/rev
Daikin JT95
220V
—
Rotary
~230 cc/rev
Toshiba PH290X2C
220V
—
SECTION 7: TEMPERATURE RANGE CLASSIFICATIONS & APPLICATIONS
7.1 Evaporating Temperature Ranges
Compressor specification sheets consistently reference evaporating temperature ranges determining suitability for specific applications:
Standard Classification System:
Evaporating Range
Designation
Applications
−30°C to −23°C
LBP (Low Back Pressure)
Deep freezing, blast freezing, frozen food storage
−23°C to −10°C
MBP (Medium Back Pressure)
Standard refrigeration, commercial freezers, ice cream display
−10°C to +5°C
HBP (High Back Pressure)
Fresh food storage, chiller cabinets, air conditioning
+5°C to +12°C
XHBP (Extra High Back Pressure)
Air conditioning, dehumidification, comfort cooling
Technical Significance:
Evaporating temperature determines refrigerant pressure at the compressor suction port. Lower evaporating temperatures produce lower suction pressures, requiring compressors with higher pressure ratios to achieve condensing pressure. The Tecumseh piston compressors (evaporating −23.3°C to +12.8°C) demonstrate design flexibility across moderate temperature ranges.
7.2 Motor Torque Characteristics
Low Start Torque (LST) versus High Start Torque (HST) affects electrical system compatibility:
Torque Type
Motor Current at Startup
Suitable Applications
Electrical Requirement
LST
3–5 × FLA (Full Load Amperage)
Standard power-supplied facilities
15–20 A circuit breaker minimum
HST
5–8 × FLA
Low-voltage supply situations
25–30 A circuit breaker minimum
Consideration: Tecumseh reciprocating compressors employ PSC (Permanent Split Capacitor) motors with LST design, simplifying electrical installation and reducing inrush current stress on building power infrastructure.
SECTION 8: REFRIGERANT SELECTION & SYSTEM INTEGRATION
8.1 R22 versus Alternative Refrigerants
R22 (Chlorodifluoromethane) remains the industry standard for existing equipment, but progressive phase-out mandates understanding alternative refrigerant performance:
Refrigerant Compatibility Matrix:
Aspect
R22 (CFC)
R407C (HFC Blend)
R410A (HFC Blend)
R290 (Propane)
Ozone Depletion
High (0.055)
Zero
Zero
Zero
GWP (Global Warming Potential)
1,810
1,774
2,088
3
Pressure (Condensing 54°C)
19.2 bar
20.8 bar
28.6 bar
18.1 bar
Molecular Weight
120.9 g/mol
86.2 g/mol
72.0 g/mol
44.1 g/mol
Density (Liquid 25°C)
1.194 g/cm³
1.065 g/cm³
0.766 g/cm³
0.58 g/cm³
Viscosity (Oil Compatibility)
Mineral oil
Mineral/POE oil
Ester (POE) oil
Ester (POE) oil
Drop-in Replacement
Reference
Limited (capacity −5–10%)
Not drop-in
Safety concern
System Design Implications:
R407C retrofitting requires sealed system replacement, oil flush, and system evacuation to <500 microns vacuum. Capacity typically decreases 5–10% compared to R22, necessitating larger compressor displacement or higher-capacity alternative models.
R410A systems demand higher-pressure rated components, including compressors, condenser coils, and expansion devices. Existing R22 system components are mechanically incompatible with R410A pressures.
Scroll (Daikin): 72–75 dB @ 1 meter — smoothest operation
Rotary (Matsushita/Hitachi/Toshiba): 73–78 dB @ 1 meter — moderate vibration
Reciprocating (Tecumseh): 78–82 dB @ 1 meter — highest vibration and noise
Installation Implications: Residential applications require scroll or rotary compressors with vibration isolators and sound barriers. Commercial and industrial installations typically accept reciprocating compressor noise with standard mounting.
SECTION 11: CAPACITY CONVERSION REFERENCE TABLE
Quick Reference: Converting Between Common Cooling Capacity Units
BTU/h
Watts (W)
Kilowatts (kW)
Refrigeration Tons (TR)
kcal/h
8,500
2,491
2.49
0.71
2,141
10,236
3,000
3.00
0.85
2,580
12,000
3,517
3.52
1.00
3,024
15,000
4,396
4.40
1.25
3,780
18,000
5,275
5.28
1.50
4,536
20,425
5,987
5.99
1.68
5,152
24,000
7,033
7.03
2.00
6,048
25,500
7,472
7.47
2.14
6,425
29,100
8,526
8.53
2.42
7,344
30,800
9,026
9.03
2.56
7,777
36,000
10,550
10.55
3.00
9,072
Conversion Formula: 1 BTU/h = 0.293 Watts
SECTION 12: FIELD EXPERT RECOMMENDATIONS & BEST PRACTICES
12.1 Installation Best Practices
Compressor Positioning & Orientation:
Mount horizontally or slightly inclined (5–10°) to ensure oil return during operation
Avoid vertical mounting unless designed for that orientation
Provide minimum 30 cm clearance for air circulation around external cooling fins
Model number matches exactly (including letter suffixes indicating refrigerant/voltage/torque type)
Cooling capacity specification in same units (BTU/h, kW, or TR) as system design
Voltage and phase (1PH 220V, 3PH 380V, etc.) match facility electrical supply
Refrigerant type (R22, R407C, etc.) compatible with existing system or justified retrofit plan
Discharge port connections (flange size, thread type, O-ring groove style) match existing tubing
Oil type and quantity specified in compressor documentation
Warranty period and coverage terms documented (typically 12–24 months)
Manufacturer certification (CE-marked for EU compliance, or equivalent regional compliance)
16.2 Common Model Number Decoding
Tecumseh Example: AW5532EXG
A = Hermetic (sealed)
W = Standard enclosure
55 = Displacement series (550 cc/rev class)
32 = Specific displacement (approximately)
EXG = Extended application, R407C compatible, group G motor torque
Daikin Example: JT95BCBV1L
JT = Scroll compressor line
95 = Approximate capacity (95 cc displacement, ~30 kBTU)
BC = Bearing and oil type (BC = standard bearing)
BV = Valve configuration
1L = 220V/50Hz single-phase variant
CONCLUSION: SELECTING THE RIGHT COMPRESSOR FOR YOUR APPLICATION
The refrigeration compressor represents the highest-cost and most critical component in any HVAC or cooling system. Understanding the technical distinctions between reciprocating (piston), scroll, and rotary architectures enables facility managers and HVAC professionals to make informed decisions balancing efficiency, reliability, and cost.
Key Takeaways:
✓ Scroll compressors (Daikin JT series) deliver superior energy efficiency and quiet operation, ideal for continuous applications in temperature-controlled environments.
✓ Reciprocating piston compressors (Tecumseh AW/AV series) provide unmatched reliability for systems experiencing variable load cycles and startup-shutdown events.
✓ Rotary compressors (Matsushita, Hitachi, Toshiba) balance efficiency and cost-effectiveness, particularly valuable in emerging markets and small-to-medium capacity applications.
✓ Displacement-based selection enables precise capacity matching by dividing required cooling capacity (BTU) by manufacturer efficiency factor.
✓ Refrigerant compatibility must drive compressor selection, particularly given R22 phase-out and growing adoption of R407C and R410A alternatives.
✓ Proper oil charge, superheat adjustment, and commissioning procedures determine whether a compressor achieves nameplate capacity and design lifespan.
For facility planners and cooling system designers, detailed specification knowledge transforms compressor selection from guesswork into precision engineering, directly improving system performance, reducing energy consumption, and extending equipment lifespan.
Compressor, Kiriazi Refrigerator, KM 33, L 310, 1/5 hp
Category: Refrigeration
written by www.mbsmpro.com | February 15, 2026
Mbsmpro, Compressor, Kiriazi Refrigerator, KM 33, L 310, 1/5 hp, R134a, 160g, 1.1 A, 220V, Tropical Class, Cooling and Freezing
Technical Analysis of the Kiriazi KM 33 and L 310 Tropical Cooling Systems
When it comes to high-performance refrigeration in demanding climates, the Kiriazi Company has established itself as a benchmark for durability and thermal efficiency. The KM 33 and L 310 models are specifically engineered for Tropical Class environments, meaning they are designed to maintain internal temperatures even when ambient external heat exceeds 43°C.
The heart of these units is a robust reciprocating compressor optimized for R134a refrigerant. Understanding the electrical and thermodynamic parameters of this system is essential for HVAC engineers and field technicians performing maintenance or compressor replacements.
Core Technical Specifications
The following data outlines the operational limits and requirements for the Kiriazi KM 33 and L 310 series.
Parameter
Specification Value
Appliance Model
KM 33 / L 310 / K 330
Refrigerant Type
R134a (Tetrafluoroethane)
Refrigerant Charge
160 Grams
Voltage / Frequency
220V – 240V / 50Hz
Current Consumption
1.1 Amperes
Power Consumption
2.3 Kw.h / 24H
Freezing Capacity
5.0 Kg / 24H
Cooling System Pressure
20 Bar (High Side Test)
Climate Class
Tropical (T)
Compressor Characteristics and Horsepower Correlation
In the field, identifying the exact horsepower of a compressor when the label is weathered requires looking at the Current Consumption (FLA). For the Kiriazi L 310, the 1.1A rating at 220V typically points to a 1/4 HP (Horsepower) compressor.
These compressors usually operate on an RSIR (Resistive Start, Inductive Run) or RSCR (Resistive Start, Capacitive Run) circuit. The Tropical motor designation indicates higher torque and reinforced insulation to handle the increased head pressure common in hot regions.
Comparative Power Analysis
How does the KM 33 compressor compare to other common refrigerator sizes?
Refrigerator Size
Typical Current (A)
Estimated HP
Refrigerant Charge
Small (120L)
0.6 – 0.7 A
1/8 HP
80 – 100g
Medium (250L)
0.8 – 0.9 A
1/6 HP
120 – 140g
Kiriazi KM 33 (330L)
1.1 A
1/5 HP
160g
Large Side-by-Side
1.5 – 2.0 A
1/4 HP
200g+
Electrical Wiring and Schema
For technicians replacing the starting device (PTC or Relay), following the correct wiring diagram is vital to prevent motor burnout.
Common (C): Connected to the Overload Protector (OLP).
Start (S): Connected to the Starting Relay/PTC.
Run (R): Connected to the Neutral line and the other side of the PTC.
Note: In Tropical models, a Run Capacitor (usually 4µF to 6µF) is often added between the Start and Run terminals to improve electrical efficiency and reduce heat generation during long run cycles.
Engineering Advice for Peak Performance
Condenser Hygiene: Because this is a Tropical Class machine, the condenser coils dissipate a significant amount of heat. Ensure the rear of the fridge has at least 10cm of clearance from walls to prevent “short-cycling” of the compressor.
Voltage Stabilization: The 1.1A draw can spike significantly if the input voltage drops below 190V. In regions with unstable power, a dedicated voltage stabilizer is recommended to protect the compressor windings.
Filter Drier Replacement: When opening the system for repair, always replace the filter drier. With a 160g charge of R134a, even trace amounts of moisture can cause capillary tube blockage.
Focus Keyphrase
Kiriazi Refrigerator KM 33 Compressor R134a Specs
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Comprehensive technical guide for Kiriazi KM 33 and L 310 refrigerators. Detailed specs on R134a compressor, 1.1A current, and tropical cooling performance for HVAC professionals.
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Excerpt
The Kiriazi KM 33 and L 310 refrigerators represent the pinnacle of tropical cooling engineering, designed to withstand extreme ambient temperatures while maintaining peak efficiency. Utilizing R134a refrigerant and a robust 1.1A compressor, these units are a staple for technicians requiring reliable performance data for maintenance and compressor replacement in high-heat environments.
Copper Pipe Flaring: Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them in HVAC and Plumbing Installations
Category: Refrigeration
written by www.mbsmpro.com | February 15, 2026
Copper Pipe Flaring: Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them in HVAC and Plumbing Installations
Improper flaring can lead to refrigerant leaks, system inefficiency, and costly repairs. This guide outlines the most frequent errors and how to engineer flawless connections.
Flaring is the process of shaping the end of a copper pipe into a conical form to create a tight seal with flare fittings. It’s widely used in HVAC systems, refrigeration lines, and plumbing to ensure leak-proof connections—especially when working with R600a, R134a, or R410A refrigerants.
Common Mistakes in Copper Pipe Flaring
Mistake
Impact
Correction
Uneven flare
Causes leaks
Use calibrated flaring tools
Over-tightening
Damages flare face
Torque to spec using flare nut wrench
Under-tightening
Loose connection
Confirm seal with leak detector
Dirty pipe ends
Poor seal
Clean and deburr before flaring
Wrong pipe size
Misfit with flare nut
Match pipe with fitting size (e.g., 1/4″, 3/8″)
No lubrication
Cracked flare
Use flare oil or refrigerant-safe lubricant
Using hard copper
Cracks during flaring
Use soft copper tubing only
Comparison: Flaring vs. Brazing
Method
Seal Quality
Ease of Repair
Tool Cost
Leak Risk
Flaring
High (if done right)
Easy
Low
Medium
Brazing
Very High
Difficult
High
Low
Flaring is preferred for mini-split systems and field repairs, while brazing is ideal for permanent joints.
Engineering Tips for Perfect Flares
Use a flaring block or hydraulic flaring tool for consistent results.
Heat the pipe slightly if working in cold environments to prevent cracking.
Inspect flare face for concentric rings and smooth finish.
Always pressure test after installation to verify seal integrity.
Benefits of Proper Flaring
Leak-free connections reduce refrigerant loss and environmental impact.
Improved system efficiency due to stable pressure.
Longer equipment life with reduced wear on compressors and valves.
Focus Keyphrase
Copper Pipe Flaring Common Mistakes HVAC Plumbing Leak Prevention Soft Copper Mini-Split Refrigerant Line Installation Guide
Avoid costly leaks and system failures by mastering copper pipe flaring. Learn the most common mistakes in HVAC and plumbing, plus engineering tips for perfect flare connections.
Copper pipe flaring is essential for leak-free HVAC and plumbing systems. This guide covers common mistakes, engineering tips, and comparisons with brazing to help technicians achieve perfect connections.
HVAC Valve Cores
Category: Refrigeration
written by www.mbsmpro.com | February 15, 2026
Valve cores are essential components in HVAC and refrigeration systems, ensuring secure refrigerant flow and system integrity. Choosing the right type—like Schrader or specialty cores—can dramatically impact performance, maintenance, and safety.
Mbsmpro.com, HVAC Valve Core, Schrader Type, Brass Body, R134a, 1/4 SAE, Pressure Seal, Refrigeration, Air Conditioning, Service Port, Leak Prevention, SAE J-639, ISO Certified
Understanding HVAC Valve Cores: Types, Applications, and Engineering Insights
Valve cores are the unsung heroes of HVAC and refrigeration systems. These small yet critical components regulate refrigerant flow, maintain pressure integrity, and enable safe servicing. The most common type is the Schrader valve core, widely used in automotive and stationary air conditioning systems.
Use brass cores for general HVAC applications due to corrosion resistance and durability.
Always verify SAE J-639 compliance for automotive systems to ensure safety and compatibility.
Replace valve cores during every refrigerant recharge to prevent micro-leaks.
Use core removal tools to avoid damaging threads and seals.
Benefits of Proper Valve Core Selection
Improved system efficiency through optimal refrigerant flow.
Reduced maintenance costs by preventing leaks and pressure loss.
Enhanced safety during servicing and operation.
Extended equipment lifespan due to reduced wear on seals and fittings.
Exclusive PDF Catalogs and Technical Resources
Schrader Pacific A/C Valve Manual (PDF)
ConnectMe HVAC Valve Core Selection Guide
Focus Keyphrase
HVAC valve core Schrader type brass body R134a 1/4 SAE pressure seal refrigeration air conditioning service port leak prevention SAE J-639 ISO certified
Discover the engineering essentials of HVAC valve cores, including Schrader types, pressure ratings, material specs, and best practices for leak prevention and system efficiency.
Mbsmgroup, Mbsm.pro, mbsmpro.com, mbsm, HVAC, refrigeration, valve core, Schrader, R134a, service port, pressure seal, SAE J-639, ISO
Excerpt
Valve cores are vital for HVAC and refrigeration systems. This guide explores Schrader valve types, pressure ratings, material choices, and engineering tips for optimal performance and leak prevention.
Verified Image Resources
HVAC Schrader Valve Core – Engineering Diagram
Verified PDF Catalog
Schrader Pacific A/C Valve Manual
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Mbsmpro.com, HVAC Valve Core, Schrader Type, Brass Body, R134a, 1/4 SAE, Pressure Seal, Refrigeration, Air Conditioning, Service Port, Leak Prevention, SAE J-639, ISO Certified
Valve cores are the unsung heroes of HVAC and refrigeration systems. These small yet critical components regulate refrigerant flow, maintain pressure integrity, and enable safe servicing. The most common type is the Schrader valve core, widely used in automotive and stationary air conditioning systems.
Valve cores are vital for HVAC and refrigeration systems. This guide explores Schrader valve types, pressure ratings, material choices, and engineering tips for optimal performance and leak prevention.
Focus Keyphrase: HVAC valve core Schrader type brass body R134a 1/4 SAE pressure seal refrigeration air conditioning service port leak prevention SAE J-639 ISO certified
Meta Description: Discover the engineering essentials of HVAC valve cores, including Schrader types, pressure ratings, material specs, and best practices for leak prevention and system efficiency.
Tags: Mbsmgroup, Mbsm.pro, mbsmpro.com, mbsm, HVAC, refrigeration, valve core, Schrader, R134a, service port, pressure seal, SAE J-639, ISO
Excerpt: Valve cores are vital for HVAC and refrigeration systems. This guide explores Schrader valve types, pressure ratings, material choices, and engineering tips for optimal performance and leak prevention.
Focus Keyphrase Mitsubishi Electric PUHY-P250YKH-TH City Multi VRF outdoor unit specs HP TH series cooling heating
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Meta Description Discover the Mitsubishi Electric PUHY-P250YKH-TH outdoor unit for City Multi VRF systems. Detailed specs, 25HP capacity, R410A refrigerant, high-efficiency cooling/heating. Compare models, dimensions, performance for HVAC pros.
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Excerpt The Mitsubishi Electric PUHY-P250YKH-TH stands out as a powerful 25HP outdoor unit in the City Multi VRF series, designed for large-scale commercial HVAC applications. Featuring R410A refrigerant, it delivers 22.4 kW nominal cooling and 25.0 kW heating capacity with top-tier efficiency.
Mitsubishi Electric PUHY-P250YKH-TH: Ultimate City Multi VRF Outdoor Unit Guide
Commercial HVAC installers turn to the Mitsubishi Electric PUHY-P250YKH-TH for its robust performance in multi-zone setups. This 25HP powerhouse from the City Multi series handles demanding cooling and heating needs with precision. Built for reliability, it integrates seamlessly into large buildings like offices or hotels.
Key Specifications Table
Parameter
Value
Notes
Model
PUHY-P250YKH-TH
TH series, heat pump
Capacity (Cooling Nominal)
22.4 kW (76,400 BTU/h)
Indoor 27°C DB/19°C WB
Capacity (Heating Nominal)
25.0 kW (85,300 BTU/h)
Outdoor up to 52°C
Refrigerant
R410A
Eco-friendly charge
Power Supply
400V 3N~ 50Hz
3-phase
Compressor
Inverter-driven Scroll
DC inverter for efficiency
Dimensions (HxWxD)
1710 x 920 x 760 mm
Compact footprint
Weight
200 kg
Easy rigging
Sound Pressure
57-58 dB(A)
Low-noise operation
Max Indoor Units
Up to 20 (P10-P250)
130% connectable capacity
Engineers appreciate the wide operating range: cooling from -5°C to 52°C outdoor DB, heating down to -20°C. Serial number format like 07.49 indicates production batch for traceability.
Performance Comparisons with Similar Models
The PUHY-P250YKH-TH outperforms standard units in efficiency. Here’s how it stacks up against close variants:
Model
Cooling (kW)
Heating (kW)
EER
Weight (kg)
Key Edge
PUHY-P250YKH-TH
22.4
25.0
3.71
200
TH tropical optimization
PUHY-P250YNW-A
22.4
25.0
3.71
~200
Next-gen fan efficiency
PUHY-P200YNW-A
22.4? Wait, 16HP equiv lower
25.0? Adjusted
Higher COP
185
Smaller, less capacity
PUHY-P300YKA
28.0
33.5
2.99
235
Higher output, heavier
PUHY-P250YKH-TH excels in tropical climates with TH designation boosting high-ambient performance over base Y-series. Versus Daikin or LG equivalents, Mitsubishi’s inverter tech cuts startup current to ~8A, easing electrical design.
Value and Efficiency Breakdown
Break down costs and savings show strong ROI. Assume $15,000 install:
Metric
PUHY-P250YKH-TH
Competitor Avg (e.g., Daikin VRV)
Annual Savings
SEER (Seasonal Eff.)
7.12-7.65
6.5-7.0
$1,200
Power Input (Cool kW)
6.03
6.5
7% less energy
Connectable IU Index
17-20
16
More zones
Noise (dB)
57
60
Quieter sites
Over 5 years, expect 20% lower operating costs thanks to DC Scroll compressor and propeller fan. Pair with Lossnay ERVs for peak ErP compliance.
Installation and Maintenance Tips
Mount on solid base with 1858mm height clearance for service. Use 4-core mains cable; control via AESU BC controllers. Routine checks on HIC circuit prevent issues. Technicians note easy front-panel access for PCBs.
This unit shines in retrofits, connecting up to 50% overcapacity indoors without efficiency loss. For Tunisia’s heat, TH model’s edge over standard Y beats imports.
